Imashini 100 y'icyuma ikoze mu buryo bwa "mesh" – imashini 400 y'icyuma ikoze mu buryo bwa "mesh" ikoze mu buryo bwa "mesh"
Ibipimo bya tekiniki
| Nomero y'icyitegererezo | HS-MGA5 | HS-MGA10 | HS-MGA30 | HS-MGA50 | HS-MGA100 |
| Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi | 380V Ibyiciro 3, 50/60Hz | ||||
| Ingufu z'amashanyarazi | 15KW | 30KW | 30KW/50KW | 60KW | |
| Ubushobozi (Au) | 5kg | 10kg | ibiro 30 | 50kg | ibiro 100 |
| Ubushyuhe Bunini. | 1600°C/2200°C | ||||
| Igihe cyo gushonga | Iminota 3-5. | Iminota 5-8. | Iminota 5-8. | Iminota 6-10. | Iminota 15-20. |
| Ibinyampeke by'udukoko (Uduce duto) | 200#-300#-400# | ||||
| Ubuziranenge bw'ubushyuhe | ± 1°C | ||||
| Pompe y'umwuka | Pompe yo mu bwoko bwa vacuum ifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru | ||||
| Sisitemu ya Ultrasonic | Sisitemu yo kugenzura sisitemu ya Ultrasonic ifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru | ||||
| Uburyo bwo gukora | Igikorwa cy'ingenzi kimwe cyo kurangiza igikorwa cyose, sisitemu ya POKA YOKE idapfa gufungwa | ||||
| Sisitemu yo Kugenzura | Sisitemu yo kugenzura y'ubwenge ya Mitsubishi PLC + Interface y'abantu n'imashini | ||||
| Gazi idakora | Azote/Argon | ||||
| Ubwoko bw'ubukonje | Igikoresho gikonjesha amazi (Kigurishwa ukwacyo) | ||||
| Ingano | hafi 3575*3500*4160mm | ||||
| Uburemere | hafi 2150kg | hafi 3000kg | |||
Uburyo bwo gusya atomization ni uburyo bushya bwatangijwe mu nganda zikora ibyuma by'ifu mu myaka ya vuba aha. Bufite ibyiza byoroshye gukora, ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye kumenya, ibikoresho bigoye kongerwamo ogisijeni, ndetse n'urwego rwo hejuru rw'imikorere ikora.
1. Uburyo bwihariye ni uko nyuma y’uko icyuma gishongeshejwe kikanozwa mu itanura ry’inyongera, amazi y’icyuma gishongeshejwe asukwa mu cyuma gikingira ubushyuhe maze akinjira mu muyoboro w’ubuyobozi no mu ruzi. Muri iki gihe, amazi ashongeshejwe afungwa n’amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi (cyangwa umwuka utemba). Ifu y’icyuma ifite atome n’atome irakomera igashyirwa mu munara w’atome, hanyuma ikagwa mu gikoresho cyo gukusanya ifu kugira ngo ikusanywe kandi itandukane. Ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora ifu y’icyuma idakoresha feri nka ifu y’icyuma ifite atome, ifu y’umuringa, ifu y’icyuma kidashonga n’ifu y’aloyi. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibikoresho byuzuye by’ifu y’icyuma, ibikoresho by’ifu y’umuringa, ibikoresho by’ifu y’ifeza n’ibikoresho by’ifu y’aloyi riri kugenda rikura.
2. Imikoreshereze n'amahame yo gukoresha ibikoresho byo gusya amazi, ibikoresho byo gusya amazi, ibikoresho byo gusya amazi, ni igikoresho cyagenewe gukora ibikoresho byo gusya amazi mu bihe by'ikirere, kandi ni igikoresho cy’inganda gikorerwamo ibintu byinshi. Ihame ry'imikorere ry'ibikoresho byo gusya amazi, bivuga gushonga kw'icyuma cyangwa icyuma mu bihe by'ikirere. Mu gihe cyo kurinda gazi, amazi y'icyuma anyura mu cyuma gishyushya ubushyuhe n'umuyoboro wo kunyuramo, maze amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi cyane anyura mu muyoboro. Amazi y'icyuma ahinduka atome agacibwamo uduce twinshi tw'icyuma gito, kandi uduce duto tw'icyuma dukora uduce duto cyangwa tudasanzwe bitewe n'imbaraga z'ubuso n'ubukonje bwihuse bw'amazi mu gihe cyo kuguruka kugira ngo tugere ku ntego yo gusya.
3. Ibikoresho byo gusya atomization y'amazi bifite ibi bikurikira: 1. Bishobora gutegura igice kinini cy'icyuma n'ifu yacyo, kandi ikiguzi cyo kubikora ni gito. 2. Ifu y'inyuma cyangwa ifu idasa neza birashobora gutegurwa. 3. Bitewe no gukomera vuba no kudatandukanya, ifu nyinshi zidasanzwe za alloy zishobora gutegurwa. 4. Mu guhindura uburyo bukwiye, ingano y'uduce tw'ifu ishobora kugera ku rwego rusabwa.
4. Imiterere y'ibikoresho byo gushonga amazi Imiterere y'ibikoresho byo gushonga amazi bigizwe n'ibi bikurikira: gushonga, sisitemu ya tundish, sisitemu ya atomization, sisitemu yo kurinda imyuka idafite umwuka, sisitemu y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, gukusanya ifu, sisitemu yo gusukura amazi no kumisha, sisitemu yo gusuzuma, sisitemu y'amazi akonjesha, sisitemu yo kugenzura PLC, sisitemu yo gupima, nibindi. 1. Sisitemu yo gushonga no gushonga: Mu by'ukuri, ni itanura rishongesha rikoresha frequency intermediate induction, rigizwe na: igishishwa, induction coil, igikoresho gipima ubushyuhe, igikoresho cyo gushonga, tundish n'ibindi bice: igishishwa ni imiterere y'umukara, ari wo karuboni. Yakozwe mu cyuma n'icyuma kitagira umuhengeri, induction coil ishyirwa hagati, kandi crucible ishyirwa muri induction coil, ishobora gushonga no gusukwa. Tundish ishyirwa kuri sisitemu y'umunwa, ikoreshwa mu kubika amazi y'icyuma gishongeshejwe, kandi ifite akazi ko kubika ubushyuhe. Ni ntoya ugereranije n'insinga y'insinga. Itanura rya tundish rifite sisitemu yaryo yo gushyushya n'uburyo bwo gupima ubushyuhe. Sisitemu yo gushyushya itanura ifite uburyo bubiri: gushyushya no gushyushya. Ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya bushobora kugera kuri 1000 ℃, kandi ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya bushobora kugera kuri 1200 ℃ cyangwa hejuru, ariko ibikoresho byo mu icupa bigomba gutoranywa mu buryo bukwiye. 2. Sisitemu yo gushyushya: Sisitemu yo gushyushya igizwe n'imiyoboro, imiyoboro y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, valve, nibindi. 3. Sisitemu yo kurinda gazi idafite umuvuduko: Mu gihe cyo gusya, kugira ngo bigabanye ogisijeni y'ibyuma n'ibirungo no kugabanya ogisijeni y'ifu, ingano runaka ya gazi idafite umuvuduko ikunze gushyirwa mu munara wa atomisation kugira ngo ikingire ikirere. 4. Sisitemu y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi: Iyi sisitemu ni igikoresho gitanga amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi wo gushyushya nobra. Igizwe n'amapompo y'amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi, ibigega by'amazi, valve, imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi n'ibice by'amazi. 5. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha: Igikoresho cyose gifite ibikoresho byo gukonjesha amazi, kandi sisitemu yo gukonjesha ni ingenzi. Ubushyuhe bw'amazi akonje buzagaragara ku gikoresho cya kabiri kugira ngo igikoresho gikore neza. 6. Sisitemu yo kugenzura: Sisitemu yo kugenzura ni ikigo cy’igenzura ry’imikorere y’igikoresho. Ibikorwa byose n’amakuru ajyanye nabyo byoherezwa kuri PLC ya sisitemu, kandi ibisubizo biratunganywa, bikabikwa kandi bikagaragazwa binyuze mu bikorwa.
Ubushakashatsi n'Iterambere n'ikorwa ry'ibikoresho by'umwuga byo gutegura ibikoresho bishya by'ifu, gutanga ibisubizo by'umwuga mu gukora ibikoresho bishya bigezweho by'ifu, ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura ifu y'uruziga rifite uburenganzira bwihariye ku mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge / ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura ifu izengurutse n'izirambuye / ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura ifu y'umukara / ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura ifu y'umukara, hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura ifu ya ultrafine / nano, ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura ifu y'ubuziranenge bwinshi bw'ibinyabutabire.
Uburyo bwo Gukora Ifu y'Icyuma hakoreshejwe Atomization y'Amazi Ibikoresho byo Gusya
Uburyo bwo gukora ifu y'icyuma hakoreshejwe atomization y'amazi, ibikoresho byo gusya bifite amateka maremare. Mu bihe bya kera, abantu basukaga icyuma gishongeshejwe mu mazi kugira ngo gitubukemo uduce duto tw'icyuma, twakoreshwaga nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora icyuma; kugeza ubu, haracyariho abantu basuka icyuma gishongeshejwe mu mazi kugira ngo bakore uduce duto tw'icyuma. . Hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukora atomization y'amazi kugira ngo bakore ifu y'icyuma gishongeshejwe, ihame ry'imikorere ni rimwe n'amazi yavuzwe haruguru asohora icyuma, ariko imikorere yo gusya yarushijeho kuba myiza cyane.
Igikoresho cyo gusya amazi gikoresha atomization y'amazi gikora ifu y'aloyi ikomeye. Ubwa mbere, zahabu ikomeye ishongeshwa mu itanura. Amazi ya zahabu yashongeshejwe agomba gushyuha cyane kugeza kuri dogere 50, hanyuma agasukwa muri tundish. Tangira pompe y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi mbere yuko amazi ya zahabu ashyirwamo, hanyuma ureke igikoresho cyo gusya amazi gifite umuvuduko mwinshi gitangire igikoresho. Amazi ya zahabu muri tundish anyura mu muyoboro akinjira muri atomizer anyuze mu munwa uva hasi muri tundish. Atomizer ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo gukora ifu y'aloyi ikomeye ya zahabu hakoreshejwe amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi. Ubwiza bwa atomizer bufitanye isano n'ubushobozi bwo gusya ifu y'icyuma. Mu gihe amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi ava muri atomizer, amazi ya zahabu ahora avungagurwamo uduce duto, tugwa mu mazi akonjesha mu gikoresho, kandi amazi ahita akomera akavamo ifu y'aloyi. Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gukora ifu y'icyuma hakoreshejwe atomization y'amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi, ifu y'icyuma ishobora gukusanywa buri gihe, ariko hari aho usanga ifu nke y'icyuma itakara hamwe n'amazi akoresha atomization y'amazi. Mu gikorwa cyo gukora ifu ya aloyi hakoreshejwe atomization y'amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi, ikintu cya aloyi gishyirwa mu gikoresho cya aloyi, nyuma y'imvura, kikayungururwa, (nibiba ngombwa, gishobora kumywa, akenshi kigahita cyoherezwa mu gikorwa gikurikira.), kugira ngo haboneke ifu nziza ya aloyi, nta gihombo cy'ifu ya aloyi mu gikorwa cyose.
Itsinda ryuzuye ry'ibikoresho byo gusya atomization y'amazi Ibikoresho byo gukora ifu y'aloyi bigizwe n'ibi bikurikira:
Igice cyo gushonga:Ifuru ishongesha ibyuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo hagati cyangwa ifuru ishongesha ibyuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo kinini irashobora gutoranywa. Ubushobozi bw'ifuru bugenwa hakurikijwe ingano y'ifu y'icyuma, kandi ifuru ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo cya kg 50 cyangwa ifuru ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo cya kg 20 irashobora gutoranywa.
Igice cya Atomu:Ibikoresho biri muri iki gice ni ibikoresho bidasanzwe, bigomba gutegurwa no gutegurwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'aho uruganda rukorera. Hariho ahanini ibikoresho bya tundish: iyo tundish ikozwe mu gihe cy'itumba, igomba gushyuha; Atomizer: Atomizer izava ku muvuduko mwinshi Amazi y'umuvuduko mwinshi w'ipompe agira ingaruka ku mazi ya zahabu ava muri tundish ku muvuduko n'inguni byagenwe, akayacamo uduce tw'icyuma. Mu gihe cy'umuvuduko umwe w'ipompe y'amazi, ingano y'ifu y'icyuma cyiza nyuma yo gutobora ifitanye isano n'ubushobozi bwa atomizer mu gutobora; silinda ya atomization: niho ifu y'alloy itobora, igasenywa, igakonjeshwa kandi igakusanywa. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko ifu y'alloy nziza cyane iri mu ifu y'alloy yabonetse itangizwa n'amazi, igomba gusigara igihe runaka nyuma yo gutobora, hanyuma igashyirwa mu gasanduku ko gukusanya ifu.
Igice cyo gutunganya nyuma y'isuku:Agasanduku ko gukusanya ifu: gakoreshwa mu gukusanya ifu ya aloyi ikozwe muri atome no gutandukanya no gukuramo amazi arenze; itanura ryo kumisha: kumisha ifu ya aloyi itose n'amazi; imashini ipima: kuyungurura ifu ya aloyi, ifu ya aloyi ikomeye idasobanutse neza ishobora kongera gushongeshwa no guhindurwamo atome nk'ibikoresho byo kugarura.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gutunganya Umwotsi Udakoresha Ingufu n'Imikoreshereze Yawo
Ifu itegurwa hakoreshejwe atomization y'umwuka uvacana ifite ibyiza byo kuba isukuye cyane, umwuka muke wa ogisijeni n'ingano y'uduce tw'ifu nziza. Nyuma y'imyaka myinshi yo guhanga udushya no kunoza, ikoranabuhanga ry'ifu ikoreshwa mu gukora atomization y'umwuka uvacana ryateye imbere mu buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gukora ifu y'icyuma n'iy'aloyi ikora neza, kandi yabaye ikintu gikomeye gishyigikira kandi giteza imbere ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bishya no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya. Umwanditsi yatangije amahame, uburyo n'ibikoresho byo gusya ifu bya atomization y'umwuka uvacana, anasesengura ubwoko n'imikoreshereze y'ifu itegurwa hakoreshejwe atomization y'umwuka uvacana.
Uburyo bwo gushushanya ni uburyo bwo gutegura ifu aho amazi yihuta (atomizing medium) atera cyangwa agacamo amazi y'icyuma cyangwa alloy mo uduce duto, hanyuma agashyirwamo ifu ikomeye. Uduce tw'ifu dufite atome ntabwo dufite gusa imiterere imwe ya shimi nk'iya alloy yashongeshejwe, ahubwo no kubera gukomera vuba bitunganya imiterere ya kristale kandi bigakuraho gutandukana kwa macrose mu cyiciro cya kabiri. Uburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gushushanya ni amazi cyangwa ultrasonic, byitwa atomization y'amazi na atomization ya gaze hakurikijwe ibyo. Ifu y'icyuma itegurwa na atomization y'amazi ifite umusaruro mwinshi kandi ihendutse, kandi umuvuduko wo gukonja ni wihuta, ariko ifu ifite ogisijeni nyinshi n'imiterere idahwitse, akenshi ikaba ipfutse. Ifu itegurwa na ikoranabuhanga rya atomization ya ultrasonic ifite ingano nto y'uduce, sphericity nyinshi kandi ifite ogisijeni nke, kandi yabaye uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gukora ifu y'icyuma n'alloy ifite imikorere myiza.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga imyuka ikoresheje umuvuduko mwinshi Ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga ikoresheje umwuka ushyushye rihuza ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga imyuka myinshi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga ikoresheje ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga ikoresheje umuvuduko mwinshi n'iyihuse, kandi rikorwa kugira ngo rihuze n'ibikenewe mu guteza imbere ibyuma by'ifu, cyane cyane mu gukora aloyi nziza irimo ifu. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonic / Gaz ni ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gushonga vuba. Bitewe n'umuvuduko mwinshi wo gukonjesha, ifu ifite imiterere yo gutunganya ibinyampeke, imiterere imwe n'ubushobozi bwo gushonga bukomeye.
Uretse ibyiza byavuzwe haruguru, ifu y'icyuma ikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushonga hakoreshejwe umwuka ushyushye cyane ifite imiterere itatu ikurikira: ifu yuzuye, ogisijeni nke; umusaruro mwinshi w'ifu nziza; imiterere igaragara cyane. Ibikoresho by'imiterere cyangwa imikorere byakozwe muri iyi fu bifite ibyiza byinshi ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe mu bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri n'iya chimique. Ifu yakozwe irimo ifu ya superalloy, ifu ya aloyide ishyushye, ifu ya aloyide y'umuringa n'ifu ya stainless steel.
1 Uburyo bwo gusya ifu ikoresheje atomization y'umwuka wo mu bwoko bwa vacuum air atomization n'ibikoresho
1.1 Uburyo bwo gusya ifu ikoresheje atomization y'umwuka uva mu cyuma
Uburyo bwo gusya umwuka uvacana ni ubwoko bushya bw'inzira bwatangijwe mu nganda zikora ifu y'icyuma mu myaka ya vuba aha. Bufite ibyiza byoroshye gusya ibikoresho, kuzimya vuba ifu y'icyuma, no gukora ikoranabuhanga ryo hejuru. Uburyo bwihariye ni uko nyuma y'uko icyuma gishongeshejwe kikanozwa mu itanura rikoresha induction, amazi y'icyuma ashongeshejwe asukwa mu gice cyo gushyushya ubushyuhe, akinjira mu muyoboro w'ubuyobozi n'umuyoboro, maze amazi ashongeshejwe agahinduka atome bitewe n'amazi aturuka mu mwuka ushyushye. Ifu y'icyuma ikomera kandi ikaguma mu munara w'atome, hanyuma ikagwa mu gikoresho gikusanya ifu.
Ibikoresho bya atomizing, atomizing ultrasonic na metal liquid flow ni ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi bigize gahunda ya atomizing gaze. Mu bikoresho bya atomizing, atomizing ultrasonic yatewe yihuta kandi igakorana n'amazi y'icyuma yatewe kugira ngo ikore umurima w'amazi. Muri uyu murima w'amazi, amazi y'icyuma yashongeshejwe aracika, akonjeshwa kandi agakomera, bityo agahabwa ifu ifite imiterere imwe n'imwe. Ibipimo by'ibikoresho bya atomizing birimo imiterere y'umunwa, imiterere ya catheter, aho catheter iherereye, nibindi, gaze ya atomizing n'ibipimo byayo birimo imiterere ya ultrasound, umuvuduko w'umwuka winjira, umuvuduko w'umwuka, nibindi, n'amazi y'icyuma kandi ibipimo byayo birimo imiterere y'amazi y'icyuma, ubushyuhe bukabije, umurambararo w'amazi, nibindi. Atomizing ya ultrasound igera ku ntego yo guhindura ingano y'uduce tw'ifu, ingano y'uduce n'imiterere mito binyuze mu guhindura ibipimo bitandukanye n'imikoranire yabyo.
1.2 Ibikoresho byo gusya umwuka uva mu cyuma gishyuha
Ibikoresho byo gusya ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "vacuum atomization" birimo ibikoresho byo mu mahanga n'ibyo mu gihugu. Ibikoresho bikorerwa mu mahanga bifite ubushobozi bwo guhagarara neza no kugenzura neza, ariko ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho kiri hejuru, kandi ikiguzi cyo kubyitaho no gusana kiri hejuru. Ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho byo mu gihugu kiri hasi, ikiguzi cyo kubyitaho kiri hasi, kandi kubyitaho biroroshye. Ariko, abakora ibikoresho byo mu gihugu muri rusange ntibazi ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi ry'ibikoresho nko gukoresha imiyoboro ya atomize n'uburyo bwo gukora atomize. Kuri ubu, ibigo by'ubushakashatsi byo mu mahanga n'ibigo bikora ikoranabuhanga bigumana ibanga rikomeye, kandi ibipimo byihariye kandi by'inganda ntibishobora kuboneka mu nyandiko n'inyandiko zibifitiye uburenganzira. Ibi bituma umusaruro w'ifu nziza uba muke cyane ku buryo udashobora kugurwa, ari na yo mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye igihugu cyanjye kitabasha gukora ifu nziza mu nganda nubwo hari amashami menshi akora ifu ya aerosol n'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi.
Imiterere y'igikoresho gipima atomization ya ultrasonic igizwe n'ibi bikurikira: itanura rishongesha frequency hagati, itanura rifata, sisitemu ya atomization, ikigega cya atomization, sisitemu yo gukusanya ivumbi, sisitemu yo gutanga ultrasonic, sisitemu yo gukonjesha amazi, sisitemu yo kugenzura, nibindi.
Kuri ubu, ubushakashatsi butandukanye ku bijyanye no gukurura umwuka bwibanda cyane cyane ku bintu bibiri. Ku ruhande rumwe, harigwa ibipimo by'imiterere y'umuyoboro n'imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amazi. Intego ni ukubona isano iri hagati y'umuyoboro w'umwuka n'imiterere y'umuyoboro, kugira ngo ultrasound igere ku muvuduko ku muyoboro w'amazi mu gihe umuvuduko w'amazi ari muto, kandi bitange ishingiro ry'ishusho n'itunganywa ry'umuyoboro. Ku rundi ruhande, harigwaga isano iri hagati y'ibipimo by'imikorere ya atomu n'imiterere y'ifu. Igamije kwiga ingaruka z'ibipimo by'imikorere ya atomu ku miterere y'ifu n'imikorere myiza ya atomu ku buryo bwihariye bw'umuyoboro kugira ngo hongerwe kandi hayobore ikorwa ry'ifu. Muri make, kunoza umusaruro w'ifu nziza no kugabanya ikoreshwa rya gaze biyobora icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya atomu ry'amazi.
1.2.1 Ubwoko butandukanye bw'imizingo yo gukoresha atomization ya ultrasound
Gazi ikoresha atomizing yongera umuvuduko n'ingufu binyuze mu muyoboro, bityo ikamena neza icyuma gikozwe mu mazi kandi igategura ifu yujuje ibisabwa. Umuyoboro ugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka ukoresha atomizing, kandi ugira uruhare runini mu rwego rwo gukora neza atomizing no mu buryo buhamye bwo gukora atomizing, kandi ni ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi rya atomizing ya ultrasonic. Mu ntangiriro za atomization ya gaze, imiterere y'umuyoboro ikoreshwa mu gusohora umwuka yakoreshejwe muri rusange. Uyu muyoboro uroroshye mu miterere, ntabwo byoroshye kuwufunga, kandi inzira yo kuwugenzura iroroshye, ariko ubushobozi bwawo bwo gukora atomizing ntabwo buri hejuru, kandi ukwiriye gusa mu gukora ifu ifite ingano ya μm 50-300. Kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bwo gukora atomizing, imiyoboro igabanya cyangwa imiyoboro ifatanye cyane ya atomizing yakozwe nyuma. Umuyoboro ufunganye cyangwa ugabanya intera yo kuguruka kwa gaze kandi ukagabanya igihombo cy'ingufu mu nzira yo gutembera kwa gaze, bityo wongera umuvuduko n'ubucucike bw'umuyoboro ukorana n'icyuma, kandi wongera umusaruro w'ifu nziza.
1.2.1.1 Akazu k'impapuro gakikije
Imashini ikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi wa ultrasonic yinjira mu gice cy'umuyoboro mu buryo bwa tangential. Hanyuma irasohoka ku muvuduko mwinshi kugira ngo ikore vortex
Kugira ngo Ubushinwa butezimbere icapiro rya 3D, bukeneye kubaka uruhererekane rwabwo rw'udushya n'uruhererekane rw'inganda
Mu myaka ibiri ishize, iterambere ry’inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro ryazamutse rigera ku rwego rw’igihugu. Inyandiko nka "Byakozwe mu Bushinwa 2025" na "Gahunda y’Igihugu y’Iterambere ry’Inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro (2015-2016)" zasohotse. Inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro zateye imbere vuba. Ingufu z’ibigo bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga zirimo gutera imbere. Nubwo bimeze bityo, kubera ko inganda zikora inganda ziri mu ntangiriro z’iterambere, ziracyagaragaza imiterere y’urwego rwo hasi. Impuguke zemera ko ibikoresho bitumizwa mu mahanga ubu biri "kwibasira" isoko ry’Ubushinwa cyane. Dufashe urugero rw’ibikoresho byo gucapa by’ibyuma, ibihugu by’amahanga bishyira mu bikorwa kugurisha ibikoresho, porogaramu, ibikoresho n’imikorere bihuriweho. Igihugu cyanjye kigomba kwihutisha ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze n’ikoranabuhanga ry’umwimerere, kandi kigakora uruhererekane rwacyo rw’udushya n’uruhererekane rw’inganda.
Isoko ryihariye ni ryiza
Nk’uko raporo ya McKinsey ibivuga, inganda z’inyongeramusaruro ziza ku mwanya wa cyenda mu ikoranabuhanga 12 rigira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’abantu, imbere y’ibikoresho bishya na gaze ya shale, kandi biteganyijwe ko mu 2030 inganda z’inyongeramusaruro zizagera ku isoko ringana na tiriyari imwe y’amadolari y’Amerika. Mu 2015, raporo yimuriye iyi gahunda imbere, ivuga ko mu 2020, ni ukuvuga nyuma y’imyaka itatu, isoko ry’inyongeramusaruro ku isi rishobora kugera ku nyungu ya miliyari 550 z’amadolari y’Amerika. Raporo ya McKinsey ntabwo ari iy’agatangaza.
Lu Bingheng, umuhanga mu by’ubumenyi bw’ishuri ry’ubushinwa akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe udushya mu gukora inyongeramusaruro, yakoresheje "ibice bine n’igice" mu gusobanura amahirwe y’isoko ry’ejo hazaza mu gukora inyongeramusaruro.
Igiciro kirenga kimwe cya kabiri cy'agaciro k'ibicuruzwa mu gihe kizaza cyarateguwe;
Ibirenga kimwe cya kabiri cy'umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa bikorerwa ku buryo bwihariye;
Ibice birenga kimwe cya kabiri by'uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bikorerwa mu mahanga;
Ibirenga kimwe cya kabiri by'udushya bikorwa n'abakora.
Inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro ni ikoranabuhanga ribangamira iterambere ry’inganda zikora. Ni ikoranabuhanga rikwiye mu gushyigikira udushya mu gushushanya, gukora ibintu byihariye, guhanga udushya mu bakozi no gukora ibintu bitandukanye. "Ikirenzeho, gukora inyongeramusaruro ni ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe rihuzwa n’isi mu gihugu cyanjye. Muri iki gihe, ubushakashatsi bw’Ubushinwa ku icapiro rya 3D buri ku isonga ku isi."
Lu Bingheng yavuze ko muri iki gihe, hishingikirije ku bikoresho binini byo gucapa ibyuma bya 3D byakozwe n'igihugu cyanjye ubwacyo, Ubushinwa buri ku mwanya mpuzamahanga mu gukoresha ibice binini by'indege bitwara imizigo, kandi bukora nk'itsinda ry'ubutabazi bw'ibanze mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere indege za gisirikare n'indege nini. Byongeye kandi, ibice binini by'imiterere ya titaniyumu byakoreshejwe mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibikoresho byo kugwa ku ndege na C919.
Mu bijyanye n'ikoreshwa, ubushobozi bw'igihugu cyanjye bwo gushyira ibikoresho byo mu rwego rw'inganda buri ku mwanya wa kane ku isi, ariko ibikoresho byo gucapa by'ibyuma biracyari bike cyane, kandi ahanini bishingiye ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ariko, nk'uko bivugwa n'umuhanga mu by'amashuri Lu Bingheng, intego rusange y'inganda z'Ubushinwa ni ukugera ku bushobozi bwa kabiri ku isi bwo gushyira ibikoresho no kugurisha ibikoresho mu buryo bunini mu myaka 5; n'ubushobozi bwa kabiri ku isi bwo gushyira ibikoresho mu buryo bunini, ibikoresho by'ingenzi n'ikoranabuhanga ry'umwimerere, hamwe no kugurisha ibikoresho mu myaka 10. Kugera ku "Byakorewe mu Bushinwa mu 2025" mu 2035.
Iterambere ry'inganda ririhuta
Amakuru agaragaza ko igipimo cy’izamuka ry’ingano y’isoko ry’inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro mu myaka itatu ishize. Igipimo cy’iterambere ry’uru rwego mu Bushinwa kiri hejuru ugereranyije n’impuzandengo y’isi.
Ibimenyetso: akenshi bivuga ibyakozwe kugira ngo hagenzurwe sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zigenga ibintu muri kaminuza
Ibimenyetso, nka: ibimenyetso by'indabyo n'ibyatsi, ibimenyetso byo kuzamuka, nibindi. Biragabanuka, ariko mu rwego rwa serivisi, umuvuduko w'iterambere urihuta cyane bitewe no kunoza uburyo abakiriya bamenyekana. "Cyane cyane mu gutunganya no gukora ibicuruzwa, ingano y'ibyo twatumije yikubye kabiri." Ikigo cya Weinan gishinzwe 3D Printers mu Ntara ya Shaanxi, gishyigikiwe n'ubuyobozi bw'ibanze, cyahinduye ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga rya 3D printing mo inyungu z'inganda kandi giteza imbere iterambere n'impinduka mu nganda gakondo. Urugero rusanzwe rwo gushyira mu bikorwa iterambere ry'amatsinda.
Kwibanda ku gitekerezo cyo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho mu nganda cya "3D printing +", si uguteza imbere inganda za 3D gusa, ahubwo ni ukwibanda ku gukora ibikoresho byo gucapa bya 3D, ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere no gukora ibikoresho by'icyuma bya 3D printing, no guhugura impano zishingiye ku gucapa bya 3D. Bishingiye ku nganda zikomeye zo mu gace, byibanda ku gushyira mu bikorwa porogaramu zo kwerekana inganda za 3D, kwihutisha guhuza icapiro rya 3D n'inganda gakondo, no gushyira mu bikorwa urukurikirane rw'ibishushanyo mbonera bya 3D + inganda nka 3D printing + indege, imodoka, umuco n'ubuhanzi, gushushanya, uburezi, nibindi, hifashishijwe 3D printing Ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa, gukemura ibibazo bya tekiniki n'ingorane z'inganda gakondo, guhindura no kuvugurura inganda gakondo, no gutangiza no gutera inkunga ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse by'ikoranabuhanga.
Imibare igaragaza ko kugeza muri Gicurasi 2017, umubare w’ibigo wageze kuri 61, kandi imishinga irenga 50 nka 3D molds, 3D, imashini z’inganda za 3D, ibikoresho bya 3D, n’imishinga y’umuco n’ubuhanzi ya 3D yarahariwe, bikaba biteganijwe ko izashyirwa mu bikorwa. Biteganijwe ko mu mpera z’umwaka, umubare w’ibigo uzarenga 100.
Gushyira mu bikorwa uruhererekane rw'udushya n'uruhererekane rw'inganda
Nubwo iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro mu gihugu cyanjye, inganda ziracyari mu ntangiriro z’iterambere kandi ziracyafite imiterere yo hasi. Ariko, kutagira iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, ikiguzi cyo gukoresha kiri hejuru, n’uburyo buke bwo gukoresha byateye inganda muri rusange kuba mu "buto, butatanye kandi budafite imbaraga". Nubwo amasosiyete menshi yatangiye kugera ku rwego rwo gukora inyongeramusaruro, hari ibura ry’amasosiyete akomeye. Inzobere mu by’inganda, Lu Bingheng, yavuze mu buryo bweruye ko nk'imwe mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ingenzi mu mpinduramatwara y’inganda mu gihe kizaza, iterambere ry’inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro rigomba kwihutishwa, kuko ikoranabuhanga rya 3D icapiro riri mu gihe cy’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, igihe cy’inganda zitangiye, n’igihe cy’“ihungabana” ry’amasosiyete. Ubukene bunini bw’isoko bushobora gutuma habaho iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’ibikoresho, bigomba kurindwa no gukoreshwa byuzuye kugira ngo biyobore kandi bishyigikire inganda zacu zikora ibikoresho.
Ubu ibikoresho bitumizwa mu mahanga birimo "kwibasira" isoko ry'Ubushinwa cyane. Ku bikoresho byo gucapa by'ibyuma, ibihugu by'amahanga bishyira mu bikorwa kugurisha ibikoresho, porogaramu, ibikoresho, n'imikorere. Ibigo by'Abashinwa bigomba guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ry'ibanze n'ikoranabuhanga ry'umwimerere kugira ngo bihangire udushya twabyo n'inganda.
Abahanga mu nganda bavuze ko ku nganda zikora imirimo yo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D, urwego rw'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe burundu mu nganda, kandi byinshi mu byagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga biri mu cyiciro cya laboratwari gusa. Impamvu nyamukuru z'iki kibazo ni izi zikurikira: icya mbere, bitewe n'amahame atandukanye, uburenganzira bwo kwinjira mu nganda. Impamyabushobozi ntizitunganye, kandi hari inzitizi zitagaragara ku kwinjira mu nganda; icya kabiri, ibigo n'ibigo by'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi nta ngaruka bifite, biri mu ntambara gusa, nta burenganzira bwo kuvuga mu biganiro by'inganda, kandi biri mu kaga; Inganda nshya ntizumva neza, kandi hari amayobera cyangwa kutumvikana, bigatuma ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rigenda buhoro.
Iterambere ry'Ibikorwa byo Gutunganya Ibikoresho Bisya mu Gihe Kizaza
Haracyari byinshi bidafite ishingiro mu gusobanukirwa ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D mu nzego zose z'inganda zo mu Bushinwa. Ukurikije uko iterambere rihagaze, kugeza ubu icapiro rya 3D ntiriragera ku iterambere rirambye mu nganda, kuva ku bikoresho kugeza ku bicuruzwa kugeza kuri serivisi zikiri mu cyiciro cya "igikinisho giteye imbere". Ariko, kuva kuri leta kugeza ku bigo byo mu Bushinwa, amahirwe yo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D muri rusange arazwi, kandi leta na sosiyete muri rusange bita ku ngaruka z'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D mu gihe kizaza rihindura imiterere y'ibikoresho ku musaruro, ubukungu, n'inganda zisanzweho mu gihugu cyanjye.
Dukurikije amakuru y’ubushakashatsi, ubu, icyifuzo cy’igihugu cyanjye cyo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D ntabwo cyibanda ku bikoresho, ahubwo kigaragarira mu bwoko bw’ibikoresho byo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D ndetse n’ubusabe bwa serivisi zo gutunganya ibikoresho. Abakiriya b’inganda ni bo bakomeye mu kugura ibikoresho byo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D mu gihugu cyanjye. Ibikoresho bagura bikoreshwa cyane mu ndege, mu kirere, mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu, mu gushushanya, mu guhanga udushya mu muco n’izindi nganda. Kuri ubu, ubushobozi bwo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D mu bigo by’Abashinwa bugera kuri 500, kandi igipimo cy’izamuka ry’umwaka ni hafi 60%. Nubwo bimeze bityo, ingano y’isoko iriho ubu ni miliyoni 100 z’amayuani ku mwaka. Ubusabe bushoboka bwo gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere no gukora ibikoresho byo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D bwageze kuri miliyari 1 z’amayuani ku mwaka. Bitewe no gukwirakwira kw’ikoranabuhanga ry’ibikoresho no gutera imbere, igipimo kiziyongera cyane. Muri icyo gihe, serivisi zo gutunganya ibikoresho zijyanye no gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D zikunzwe cyane, kandi abakozi benshi ba 3D bacapa. Isosiyete y’ibikoresho imaze igihe kinini mu buryo bwo gusohora no gukoresha ibikoresho bya laser, kandi ishobora gutanga serivisi zo gutunganya ibikoresho hanze. Kubera ko igiciro cy'igikoresho kimwe muri rusange kirenga miliyoni 5 z'amayuani, kwemerwa kw'isoko ntabwo kuri hejuru, ariko serivisi yo gutunganya ibikoresho by'ikigo irakunzwe cyane.
Ibikoresho byinshi bikoreshwa mu gucapa ibyuma mu gihugu cyanjye bikozwe mu buryo bwa 3D, bitangwa n’inganda zikora ibikoresho byihuse, kandi gutanga ibikoresho rusange ku ruhande rwa gatatu ntibirashyirwa mu bikorwa, bigatuma ibikoresho bitwara amafaranga menshi cyane. Muri icyo gihe, nta bushakashatsi bukorwa ku ifu yagenewe gucapa 3D mu Bushinwa, kandi hari ibisabwa bikomeye ku ikwirakwizwa ry’ibice by’ibumba n’umusemburo wa ogisijeni. Hari ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bikoresha ifu isanzwe ikoreshwa mu gucapa, ariko hari byinshi bidakoreshwa.
Guteza imbere no gukora ibikoresho byinshi ni ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga. Gukemura ibibazo by’imikorere n’ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho bizateza imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryihuse ryo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera mu Bushinwa. Muri iki gihe, ibikoresho byinshi bikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera byihuse mu gihugu cyanjye bigomba gutumizwa mu mahanga, bitabaye ibyo abakora ibikoresho bashora imbaraga nyinshi n’amafaranga menshi kugira ngo babiteze imbere, bikaba bihenze, bigatuma ikiguzi cyo kubitunganya cyiyongera, mu gihe ibikoresho byo mu rugo bikoreshwa muri iyi mashini bifite imbaraga nke kandi bifite ubuziranenge buke. . Gushyira ibikoresho byo gucapa bya 3D mu mwanya wabyo ni ngombwa.
Ifu ya titanium na aloi ya titanium cyangwa ifu ya superalloy ishingiye kuri nickel na cobalt ifite ogisijeni nkeya, ingano nto y'uduce duto n'ubugari bwinshi birakenewe. Ingano y'uduce twa fu ni -500 mesh, ogisijeni igomba kuba iri munsi ya 0.1%, kandi ingano y'uduce ni imwe. Muri iki gihe, ifu ya aloi igezweho n'ibikoresho biyikora biracyashingiye cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Mu bihugu by'amahanga, ibikoresho n'ibikoresho fatizo bikunze guhuzwa bikagurishwa kugira ngo bibone inyungu nyinshi. Dufashe urugero rw'ifu ishingiye kuri nickel, igiciro cy'ibikoresho fatizo ni hafi yuan 200/kg, igiciro cy'ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu muri rusange ni yuan 300-400/kg, kandi igiciro cy'ifu itumizwa mu mahanga akenshi kirenga yuan 800/kg.
Urugero, ingaruka n'ubushobozi bwo guhuza ifu, ibintu biyigize n'imiterere yayo ku ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'ibikoresho byo gusya ifu bya 3D printing metal atomization. Kubwibyo, bitewe n'ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho ogisijeni nke n'ifu y'uduce duto, haracyakenewe gukora ubushakashatsi nko gushushanya ifu ya titaniyumu na titaniyumu, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusya ifu ya atomization ya gaze y'uduce duto, n'ingaruka z'imiterere y'ifu ku mikorere y'ibicuruzwa. Bitewe n'imbogamizi z'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusya mu Bushinwa, biragoye gutegura ifu y'uduce duto muri iki gihe, umusaruro w'ifu ni muto, kandi ingano ya ogisijeni n'indi myanda ni myinshi. Mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, imiterere yo gushonga kw'ifu ikunze kugorana, bigatuma ingano nyinshi ya ogisijeni n'ibicuruzwa byiyongera mu bicuruzwa. Ibibazo by'ingenzi by'ifu y'aloyi yo mu rugo ni mu bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa no kudahinduka kw'ibicuruzwa, harimo: ① kudahinduka kw'ibice by'ifu (umubare w'ibikubiye, ingano y'ibice); ② Guhagarara kw'imikorere (ingano y'ibice, imiterere y'ifu, ubwinshi bw'ibice, igipimo cyoroshye, nibindi); ③ ikibazo cy'umusaruro (umusaruro muke w'ifu mu gice cy'ubunini bw'uduce duto), n'ibindi.
Imurikagurisha ry'ibicuruzwa
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