Amakuru

Solder, nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi gihuza ibintu mu nzego nyinshi nko mu by'ikoranabuhanga, imodoka, indege, nibindi, ubwiza bwayo n'imikorere yayo bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku kwizerwa no kudatezuka kw'ibicuruzwa. Bitewe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga, ibisabwa kugira ngo ibintu bibe byiza, imiterere mito, n'imikorere ya solder irusheho kuba hejuru. Nk'igikoresho cyo gucukura icyuma giteye imbere, imashini icukura ikoresheje vacuum horizontal continuous casting yakuruye ibitekerezo buhoro buhoro mu nganda zicukura, itanga igisubizo cyiza cyo gukora solder nziza.

1、Ihame ry'imikorere ryaimashini ikoresha icyuma gitanga umwuka ugororotse

Imashini ikoresha umwuka uhora ucukura igizwe ahanini n'itanura, icyuma gishyushya, icyuma gikurura billet, sisitemu yo gucukura ifuru, n'ibindi bice. Ubwa mbere, shyira ibikoresho byo gucukura mu itanura rishongesha hanyuma ubishyushye kugira ngo bigere ku bushyuhe bukwiye bw'amazi. Hanyuma, agace gacukuramo gakurwamo ku rugero runaka binyuze muri sisitemu yo gucukuramo ifuru kugira ngo bigabanye kuvanga imyanda ya gaze. Mu gihe cy'uburemere n'igitutu cyo hanze, icyuma gicukuramo amazi gitemba mu cyuma gikonjesha gishyizwe mu buryo butambitse, gikonjeshwa n'amazi agenda buhoro buhoro kugira ngo gikomere kandi gikomere ku rukuta rw'imbere rwacyo, bigakora icyuma. Iyo igikoresho gicukuramo kigenda buhoro, icyuma gishya gicukuramo amazi gikomeza kongeramo icyuma gicukuramo, kandi icyuma gicukuramo amazi gikomeza gukurwamo, bityo bigatuma habaho inzira yo gucukuramo ifuru.

imashini ikoresha icyuma gitanga umwuka ugororotse

2、Ibyiza byo gukoresha imashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya ...

(cyangwa se1)Kunoza ubuziranenge bwa solder

Gutera mu kirere gifunze bishobora gukumira imyanda ya gaze nka ogisijeni na azote kwinjira muri solder, kugabanya ikorwa ry’uturemangingo n’imyenge ya okiside, kunoza cyane ubuziranenge bwa solder, no kongera uburyo bwo kunywesha no kugenda neza mu gihe cyo gusudira, bityo bikanoza ubwiza bw’aho ipfundikizo ripfundikirijwe.

(cyangwa se2)Kunoza imiterere mito y'ibikoresho bya solder

Mu gihe cyo gucukura mu buryo butambitse, igipimo cyo gukonjesha cya solder y'amazi kiba kimwe, kandi igipimo cyo gukonjesha kiragenzurwa, ibyo bikaba byiza mu gukora imiterere imwe kandi yoroheje no kugabanya ibintu byo gutandukanya. Iyi miterere imwe ituma imiterere ya solder irushaho kuba myiza, nko gukomera no kurekura, birushaho kunozwa kandi bigahura n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe bisaba gukoreshwa kugira ngo solder ikore neza.

(cyangwa se3)Umusaruro uhoraho ukorwa neza

Ugereranyije n'uburyo gakondo bwo gucukura, imashini zicukura zikora zikoresheje icyuma gifunga amazi zikoresheje icyuma gifunga amazi zirashobora gukora umusaruro uhoraho kandi udasibangana, bikongera cyane imikorere myiza y'umusaruro. Muri icyo gihe, ifite urwego rwo hejuru rw'imikorere ikora, igabanya intambwe zo gukora n'intoki, igabanya imbaraga z'abakozi n'ikiguzi cyo gukora, kandi bigatuma inzira yo gukora irushaho kuba nziza kandi yizewe, ibyo bikaba bituma habaho kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'umusaruro buri gihe.

(cyangwa se4)Gabanya imyanda y'ibikoresho fatizo

Bitewe n'uburyo bwo gucukura buhoraho no kugenzura neza ingano n'imiterere y'imashini, ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo gucukura, ishobora gukoresha neza ibikoresho fatizo, kugabanya imyanda y'ibikoresho iterwa no gukata, amafaranga yo gukoresha mu gutunganya, n'ibindi, kongera igipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho fatizo, no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubitunganya.

3、Porogaramu zihariye mu nganda zikora solder

(cyangwa se1)Uburyo bwo gukora

Mu gukora solder, intambwe ya mbere ni ukuvanga neza ibikoresho bikenewe byo gusolder no kongeramo ibikoresho fatizo byateguwe mu itanura ry’imashini ikoresha icyuma gicana ikoresheje icyuma gicana ikoresheje icyuma gicana ikoresheje icyuma gicana imashini. Tangira sisitemu yo gukamura imashini, gabanya umuvuduko uri mu itanura kugeza ku rugero rukwiye rw’icyuma gicana imashini, akenshi hagati ya pascals icumi na pascals amagana, hanyuma ushyushye ushongeshe imashini kandi ugumane ubushyuhe buhamye. Hindura umuvuduko wo gukamura n’ingano y’amazi akonje ya crystallizer kugira ngo urebe ko solder y’amazi ikomera kimwe muri crystallizer kandi ikomeza gukururwa, igakora uburyo runaka bwa solder billet. Icyuho gitunganywa binyuze mu ntambwe zikurikiraho zo gukurura, gushushanya no gutunganya kugira ngo haboneke imiterere itandukanye n’ibipimo by’ibicuruzwa bya solder, nk’insinga zo gusudira, umurongo wo gusudira, solder paste, nibindi, kugira ngo hahuzwe n’ibikenewe mu gusudira mu nzego zitandukanye.

(cyangwa se2)Kunoza ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho byo gusoda

Dufashe urugero rwa Sn Ag Cu idafite icyuma gikoreshwa mu nganda z'ikoranabuhanga, iyo ikozwe hakoreshejwe imashini ikoresha umwuka ugororotse, umwuka wa ogisijeni uri muri iyo mashini ushobora kugenzurwa neza ku rwego rwo hasi cyane, hirindwa imyanda nk'ibumba riterwa no gushonga no kunoza uburyo ikoreshwa neza rya mashini. Muri icyo gihe, imiterere imwe ituma icyuma gikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibyuma gifasha icyuma gushonga kuzuza neza icyuho gito cy'impande mu gihe cyo gushonga ibice by'ikoranabuhanga, bigabanye inenge zo gusudira nko gushonga no guhuza ibikoresho, no kunoza uburyo bwo gusudira no gukora neza ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

Mu gikorwa cyo gusiga amavuta mu nganda z’imodoka, ku gikoresho cyo gusiga gifite imbaraga nyinshi gikozwe muri aluminiyumu, icyo gikoresho gikozwe n’imashini ikoresha icyuma gicana gikozwe mu buryo butambitse gifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi kirwanya ingese. Imiterere yacyo y’ingano imwe ituma igikoresho cyo gusiga gikomera mu gihe cyo gusiga amavuta mu bushyuhe bwinshi, gishobora guhuza ibice by’imodoka no kunoza imikorere n’ubuzima bw’ibikoresho by’imodoka.

(cyangwa se3)Ingero z'ishyirwa mu bikorwa

Ikigo kizwi cyane gikora ibikoresho byo gusoda cyatangijeimashini ikoresha uburyo bwo guterera ibintu mu buryo buhoraho ku rwego rw'ubusa, byongereye ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa byayo bya tin lead solder kuva kuri 98% kugera hejuru ya 99.5%, kandi bigabanya cyane ingano y'ibikubiye muri okiside. Mu gukoresha utubati tw'amashanyarazi, igipimo cyo kwangirika kw'ubucukuzi cyagabanutse kuva kuri 5% kugera munsi ya 1%, binongera cyane ipiganwa ry'ibicuruzwa ku isoko. Muri icyo gihe, bitewe no kunoza imikorere y'umusaruro no kugabanuka kw'imyanda y'ibikoresho fatizo, ikiguzi cy'umusaruro cy'ikigo cyagabanutseho hafi 15%, bigeraho inyungu nziza mu bukungu no mu mibereho myiza.

4、Ibyiza by'iterambere

Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nka elegitoroniki, ingufu nshya, n’inganda zigezweho, ibisabwa mu bwiza no gukora ibikoresho bishongeshwa bizakomeza kwiyongera. Imashini ishongeshwa ikoresheje icyuma gishongeshwa idafite umwuka ifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa mu nganda zishongeshwa bitewe n’inyungu zayo zidasanzwe. Mu gihe kizaza, hamwe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibikoresho, sisitemu yayo ikoresha icyuma gishongeshwa izagira akamaro kanini kandi gahamye, urwego rwo kugenzura imikorere y’ibikoresho ruzarushaho kunozwa, kandi kugenzura neza imiterere y’imikorere bishobora kugerwaho, bigatanga ibicuruzwa byiza kandi byihariye. Hagati aho, hamwe n’ibisabwa bikomeye ku bidukikije, ibyiza by’imashini zishongeshwa ikoresheje icyuma gishongeshwa ikoresheje icyuma gishongeshwa imvura mu kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’imyuka ihumanya bizanatuma ziba ikoranabuhanga ry’ingenzi rishyigikira iterambere rirambye ry’inganda zishongeshwa ikoresheje icyuma gishongeshwa ikoresheje icyuma gishongeshwa imashini.

5、 Umwanzuro

Gukoresha imashini icukura ikoresheje icyuma gicana mu buryo butambitse mu nganda zicukura bitanga icyizere gikomeye cyo gukora solder nziza kandi ikora neza. Mu kunoza ubuziranenge bwa solder, kongera imiterere y'ikigo, kugera ku musaruro uhoraho, no kugabanya ikiguzi, icyifuzo cy’isolder mu nganda zigezweho cyaragezweho. Hamwe n’iterambere rihoraho no kunoza ikoranabuhanga, ikoreshwa ryayo mu nganda zicukura rizarushaho kuba rinini kandi ryimbitse, riteza imbere iterambere ry’inganda zicukura ibyuma bigamije ubuziranenge, imikorere myiza, no kurinda ibidukikije, ritanga ibikoresho byiza kandi byizewe byo guhuza inganda nyinshi zishingiye ku miyoboro ya solder, no guteza imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’iterambere ry’uruhererekane rw’inganda zose.

Mu iterambere ry’inganda zikora ibikoresho byo gushora imari mu gihe kizaza, ibigo bigomba kumenya neza ubushobozi n’agaciro k’imashini zikora ibikoresho byo gushora imari mu buryo burambye, gushyiraho no gukoresha iri koranabuhanga rigezweho, kongera udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no kunoza imikorere, gukomeza kunoza ipiganwa ryabyo ku isoko, no gufatanya guteza imbere inganda zikora ibikoresho byo gushora imari mu rwego rwo gutera imbere.