Amakuru

Mu nganda zigezweho ziharanira imikorere myiza, uburyo ibikoresho by'icyuma bihora bicukurwa bugena neza urwego rw'umusaruro wa nyuma. Uburyo gakondo bwo gucukurwa bukorerwa mu kirere, kandi ibibazo nk'ibicuruzwa by'icyuma bidacukuwe kandi bidacukurwa biragoye kwirinda, byahindutse inzitizi ibangamira iterambere ry'ibikoresho by'icyuma bigezweho.

None se, hari ikoranabuhanga rishobora gukuraho ibi bintu nk'ibyuma bicukurwa mu 'isanzure'? Igisubizo ni yego - imashini icukurwa mu buryo burambye. Kandi aho imashini icukurwa mu buryo burambye ikoreshwa ni hagari cyane.

Ni ikigucukura bidatinze?

Mu magambo make, gucukura mu buryo burambye hakoreshejwe vacuum continuous casting ni inzira iteye imbere ikomeza gushyira icyuma gishongeshejwe mu cyuma gikoresha crystallizer kandi igakomeza gukuramo icyuma gicukura mu buryo burambye ahantu hashyushye cyane. Ihuza ibyiza bibiri by'ingenzi byo "gucukura imyuka mu buryo butunguranye" na "gucukura mu buryo burambye" muri kimwe:

Ahantu hakoreshwa imashini idafite umwuka: bikuraho burundu imikorere y’icyuma gishongeshejwe n’imyuka nka ogisijeni, azote na hydrogen, bigabanya cyane ubwinshi bw’ibice n’ibice bya ogisijeni, kandi bikongera ubuziranenge, ubwinshi, n’imiterere y’icyuma.

Gukomeza gukora: Ikora neza cyane kuva ku byuma bikozwe mu mazi kugeza ku byuma bikomeye, ifite imikorere myiza kandi ikora mu buryo bwikora, kandi ishobora no kubona ibikoresho bikozwe mu buryo burebure bifite imiterere imwe n'ubwiza bw'ubuso bwiza cyane.

Ni izihe nganda zihungabanya? Uburyo bwagutse bwo gukoresha imashini ikoresha ...

Ikoreshwa ry'iki 'gikoresho' rirenze kure urwego rw'icyuma rusanzwe, ririmo gushyira imbaraga nshya mu nganda zikora ibintu bigezweho.

1. Ibyuma byihariye n'indege
Ikoreshwa: Iyi ni yo ntambara y'ingenzi y'imashini zicukura zikoresheje vacuum continuous casting. Ikoreshwa mu gucukura ibikoresho bifite isuku nyinshi cyane nka alloys zishyushye cyane, alloys za titanium, na alloys zigezweho. Ibi bikoresho ni ingenzi mu gukora ibyuma bya moteri z'indege, ibice bya moteri za roketi, n'ibice by'imiterere y'ibyogajuru.
Agaciro: Ingufu nyinshi cyane zo kunanirwa no kudahungabana mu bushyuhe bwinshi bitanga umutekano n'ubukonje bw'indege mu bidukikije bikomeye.

2. Implants zo kwa muganga zigezweho
Ikoreshwa: Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma bihuza n'ibinyabuzima nka aloyi za titaniyumu zo kwa muganga (nka Ti-6Al-4V) na aloyi za chromium za kobalti.
Agaciro: Ifu ya cast irasukuye kandi nta mwanda irimo, yirinda kwangirika cyangwa ingaruka mbi z’ibishishwa mu mubiri w’umuntu. Ariko kandi, imiterere yayo myiza ijyanye n’amagufwa y’umuntu, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza yo gukora ingingo z’ubukorano, ibishishwa mu menyo, n’ibishishwa byo mu magufwa.

3. Ibikoresho bya semiconductor n'amakuru ya elegitoroniki
Imikoreshereze: Gukora ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru nk'umuringa udafite ogisijeni, umuringa utagira ubuziranenge bwinshi, n'umuringa wakuweho ogisijeni na fosifore. Ibi bikoresho ni byo shingiro ryo gukora ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa semiconductor silicon single crystal growth furnace, frame frame, n'ibipimo byo gusukamo.
Agaciro: Ogisijeni nke cyane hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu bwinshi bitanga icyizere cy'uko ingufu z'ubushyuhe zihoraho ndetse n'ubushobozi bw'ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi mu gihe cyo gukora chips, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere n'umusaruro wa chips.

4. Ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ibikoresho bishya
Ikoreshwa: Ibigo bikomeye by’ubushakashatsi na laboratwari z’ibikoresho bikoresha imashini nto zikora imashini zikoresha imashini zikora imashini zikoresha imashini zikora imashini zikoresha imashini zikora imashini zikoresha imashini zikora imashini nshya, ziga uburyo bwo gukonjesha, kandi zigakora igerageza rito.
Agaciro: Yatanze uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gutegura "intambwe ya mbere" ibikoresho bishya kuva muri laboratwari kugera mu nganda, yihutisha kuboneka kw'ibikoresho bishya.

Ese byose bishobora gutegurwa? Ni izihe moderi zishoboraimashini ikora imashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya ikoresheje umwuka?

"Icyitegererezo" cy'imashini ikora imashini icukura ikoresheje umwuka ntabwo yerekeza ku bikinisho cyangwa amashusho, ahubwo yerekeza ku gicuruzwa cy'ibanze gikozwe nayo, ni ukuvuga igice cyo gutunganya ibintu byimbitse nyuma yaho. Dukurikije imiterere n'uburyo bwo gushushanya bwa crystallizer, ishobora gukora "ibyitegererezo" bitandukanye:

1. Inkoni/Ingogo Izunguruka
Ibisobanuro: Iyi ni yo miterere ikunze kugaragara cyane, ifite igice cy'uruziga.
Gutunganya nyuma: Bishobora gutunganywa mu bice by'imigozi, disiki za turbine, ibicuruzwa bya bar, nibindi binyuze mu gucura, kuzunguruka, guhindukira, n'ubundi buryo.

2. Ingano y'inyuma/ingot igororotse
Ibisobanuro: Igice cy'uruziga ni kare cyangwa uruziga rw'inyuma.
Gutunganya nyuma: bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guteka amasahani, imirongo, n'amafoto, ni igikoresho cy'uruhu rw'indege, imbaho ​​z'ubuvuzi, n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

3. Ipine y'umuyoboro
Ibisobanuro: Ibice by'imiyoboro y'ubudodo bikururwa mu buryo butaziguye kandi bigashyirwa mu byuma byabugenewe bya kristu.
Gutunganya nyuma: Ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukurura no gukurura mu buryo bukonje kugira ngo ikore imiyoboro idafite umugozi, ikoreshwa mu buryo bunoze nk'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi (nk'ibice by'imitsi ifunga imitsi), inganda za kirimbuzi, no gutwara amazi yihariye.

4. Imyirondoro yihariye
Ibisobanuro: Hindura ibyuma bya kristu bifite imiterere yihariye ijyanye n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye, kugira ngo ubashe gukoresha uduce duto duto hafi y'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa bya nyuma icyarimwe.
Gutunganya nyuma: Ibi bigabanya cyane ingano y'ikoreshwa ry'imashini nyuma, bigabanya ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho, kandi bikwiranye no gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi bifite ibice byihariye, nk'imiterere, ahantu hadakoreshejwe inzira y'umuhanda, n'ibindi.

Imashini ikoresha vacuum continuous casting ntabwo ikiri ibikoresho bihenze cyane, ahubwo ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi bitera imbere mu nganda zikora ibintu byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Irinda ubuziranenge bw'ibyuma hakoreshejwe "vacuum" kandi igasobanura umusaruro mwiza hamwe na "continuity". Mu rwego rwo gukomeza gukora ibikoresho by'ingenzi muri iki gihe, guhitamo ikoranabuhanga ryo gukoresha vacuum continuous casting bivuze guhitamo ubwiza bwizewe, imikorere myiza, n'ejo hazaza hakomeye.
Iyo abandi bagihangayikishijwe n'inenge z'ibikoresho, ushobora kwikorera imbogamizi mu ikoranabuhanga ryawe icyarimwe.