Amakuru

An itanura ryo gushongani itanura ryamashanyarazi rikoresha induction yo gushyushya ibikoresho kugirango ushushe cyangwa ushonga. Ibice byingenzi bigize itanura ryinjira harimo sensor, umubiri witanura, amashanyarazi, capacator, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura.

Ibice byingenzi bigize itanura ryinjira harimo sensor, umubiri witanura, amashanyarazi, capacator, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura.

Mubikorwa byo guhinduranya amashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki mu itanura ryinjira, imigezi ya eddy ikorwa imbere mubikoresho kugirango igere ku bushyuhe cyangwa gushonga. Munsi yingaruka zumwanya wa magneti uhinduranya, ibice hamwe nubushyuhe bwibintu mu itanura birasa. Ubushyuhe bwo gushyuha burashobora kugera kuri 1250 and, naho ubushyuhe bwo gushonga bushobora kugera kuri 1650 ℃.

Usibye kuba ushobora gushyushya cyangwa gushonga mu kirere, itanura ryinjira rishobora kandi gushyuha cyangwa gushonga muri vacuum hamwe nikirere gikingira nka argon na neon kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byihariye. Amatanura ya induction afite ibyiza byingenzi mugucengera cyangwa gushonga byoroheje bya magnetiki byoroshye, ibivanze cyane, amavuta ya platine, irwanya ubushyuhe, irwanya ruswa, irwanya kwambara, hamwe nicyuma cyiza. Amatanura ya induction ubusanzwe agabanijwemo itanura ryo gushyushya no gutanura.

Itanura ry'amashanyarazi rikoresha amashanyarazi yatewe na coil induction kugirango ibikoresho bishyushye. Niba ushyushya ibikoresho byicyuma, ubishyire mubibumbano bikozwe mubikoresho byangiritse. Niba ushyushya ibikoresho bitari ibyuma, shyira ibikoresho muri grafite ikomeye. Iyo inshuro zigenda zisimburana ziyongera, inshuro yumuriro uterwa nayo igenda yiyongera, bigatuma ubwiyongere bwubushyuhe butangwa. Itanura rya induction rishyuha vuba, rifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, biroroshye gukora no kugenzura, kandi ibikoresho ntabwo byanduye mugihe cyo gushyushya, byemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Ahanini ikoreshwa mugushonga ibikoresho bidasanzwe byubushyuhe bwo hejuru, irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gushyushya no kugenzura ibikoresho byo gukura kristu imwe kuva gushonga.

Amashyiga yo gushonga agabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: itanura ryamabara ya cored hamwe nitanura ridafite ishingiro.

Itanura ryinjizwamo ibara rifite icyuma kinyura muri inductor kandi gikoreshwa numuriro w'amashanyarazi. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushonga no kubika ibyuma bitandukanye nk'icyuma, umuringa, umuringa, zinc, nibindi, hamwe n'amashanyarazi arenga 90%. Irashobora gukoresha ibikoresho by'itanura ry'imyanda, ifite ibiciro byo gushonga, hamwe n'ubushobozi bw'itanura ntarengwa bwa toni 270.

Itanura ridafite ingirakamaro ntirifite ibyuma byinjira muri inductor, kandi bigabanijwemo itanura ryumuriro wamashanyarazi, itanura ryinshuro eshatu, generator yashyizeho itanura ryinjiza ryoroheje, itanura rya thyristor ruciriritse, hamwe nitanura ryinshi.

Ibikoresho bifasha

Ibikoresho byuzuye byo mu itanura ryigihe gito ririmo: gutanga amashanyarazi nigice cyo kugenzura amashanyarazi, igice cyumubiri w itanura, ibikoresho byohereza, hamwe na sisitemu yo gukonjesha amazi.

ihame ry'imikorere

Iyo guhinduranya umuyaga unyuze muri coil induction, umurima wa magneti usimburana ubyara hafi ya coil, kandi ibikoresho bitwara mumatanura bitanga ubushobozi buterwa nigikorwa cyumurima wa magneti uhinduranya. Umuyagankuba (eddy current) ukorwa mubwimbitse runaka hejuru yibikoresho byitanura, kandi ibikoresho byo mu itanura birashyuha kandi bigashonga na eddy.

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Bitewe nihame ryo gushyushya inshuro ziciriritse zishyushya kuba induction ya electromagnetic, ubushyuhe bwayo butangwa mubikorwa ubwabyo. Abakozi basanzwe barashobora gukomeza gukora imirimo yo guhimba muminota icumi nyuma yo gukoresha itanura ryumuyagankuba ruciriritse, bitabaye ngombwa ko abakozi bo mu itanura ryumwuga bakora imirimo yo gutwika no gufunga hakiri kare. Ntugahangayikishwe no guta fagitire zishyushye mu itanura ryamakara ziterwa n’umuriro w'amashanyarazi cyangwa imikorere mibi y'ibikoresho.

Bitewe nubushyuhe bwihuse bwubu buryo bwo gushyushya, habaho okiside nkeya. Ugereranije no gutwika amakara, buri toni yo kwibagirwa ibika byibuze ibiro 20-50 by'ibikoresho fatizo by'ibyuma, kandi igipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho gishobora kugera kuri 95%.

Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bumwe hamwe nubushyuhe buke hagati yubuso nubuso, ubu buryo bwo gushyushya bwongera cyane ubuzima bwumurimo wibihimbano bipfa guhimba, kandi ububobere bwubuso bwibihimbano nabwo buri munsi ya 50um.

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Ugereranije n’itanura ry’amakara, itanura ryo gushyushya induction ntirigaragaza abakozi mu guteka no kunywa itanura ry’amakara munsi yizuba ryinshi, byujuje ibisabwa bitandukanye n’ishami rishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije. Muri icyo gihe, bashiraho isura yo hanze yisosiyete hamwe niterambere ryigihe kizaza cyinganda zikora.

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Gushyushya induction bitanga ubushyuhe mubikorwa byonyine, bikavamo ubushyuhe bumwe nubushyuhe buke butandukanye hagati yimbere nubuso. Ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe irashobora kugera ku kugenzura neza ubushyuhe, kuzamura ubuziranenge n’ibipimo byujuje ibisabwa.

inshuro nyinshi

Itanura ryinganda zinganda ni itanura ryinjira rikoresha amashanyarazi yinganda (50 cyangwa 60 Hz) nkisoko yingufu. Itanura ryinganda zikora inganda zateye imbere mubikoresho bikoreshwa cyane. Ikoreshwa cyane nk'itanura rishonga kugirango ushongeshe icyuma cyumukara, icyuma cyoroshye, icyuma cyangiza, hamwe nicyuma. Mubyongeyeho, ikoreshwa kandi nk'itanura. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, itanura rya power frequency induction ryasimbuye igikombe nkibice byo gutunganya

Ugereranije na cupola, itanura ryinganda zikora inganda zifite ibyiza byinshi, nko kugenzura byoroshye ibyuma byashongeshejwe hamwe nubushyuhe, gaze nkeya hamwe nibirimo muri casting, nta kwanduza ibidukikije, kubungabunga ingufu, no kunoza imikorere. Kubwibyo, mumyaka yashize, itanura ryinganda zikora inganda zateye imbere byihuse.

Igikoresho cyuzuye cyibikoresho byo gutanamo inganda zirimo ibice bine byingenzi.

1. Igice cy'umubiri

Umubiri w itanura ryinganda zikoreshwa mu gushongesha ibyuma bigizwe nitanura ebyiri (imwe yo gushonga indi ikabikwa), igifuniko cy itanura, ikariso y itanura, silindiri yamavuta y itanura, hamwe nigitwikirizo gifungura ibikoresho bifungura no gufunga.

Igice cy'amashanyarazi

Igice cy'amashanyarazi kigizwe na transformateur z'amashanyarazi, abahuza nyamukuru, kuringaniza reaktori, kuringaniza imashini, kwishura imashini, hamwe na kanseri yo kugenzura amashanyarazi.

3. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha amazi

Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikubiyemo gukonjesha ubushobozi, gukonjesha inductor, no gukonjesha byoroshye. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha igizwe na pompe yamazi, ikigega cyamazi kizenguruka cyangwa umunara ukonjesha, hamwe numuyoboro wamazi.

4. Sisitemu ya Hydraulic

Sisitemu ya hydraulic ikubiyemo ikigega cya peteroli, pompe yamavuta, moteri ya pompe yamavuta, imiyoboro ya hydraulic na valve, hamwe na platform ya hydraulic.

Umuvuduko wo hagati

Itanura rya induction hamwe numurongo wogutanga amashanyarazi murwego rwa Hz 150-10000 byitwa itanura ryigihe gito, kandi numurongo wacyo nyamukuru uri hagati ya Hz 150-2500. Amashanyarazi mato yimbere mu gihugu atanga amashanyarazi afite imirongo itatu: 150, 1000, na 2500 Hz.

Itanura rito hagati ya induction ni ibikoresho byihariye bya metallurgjique ikwiranye no gushonga ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge hamwe na alloys. Ugereranije n’itanura ryakazi ryinjiza, rifite ibyiza bikurikira:

(1) Umuvuduko wihuse no gukora neza. Ubucucike bwamashyanyarazi yo mu ziko ruciriritse ni bwinshi, kandi iboneza ingufu kuri toni yicyuma ni hejuru ya 20-30% ugereranije n’itanura ry’inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda. Kubwibyo, mubihe bimwe, umuvuduko wo gushonga hagati yumuriro wa induction intera irihuta kandi umusaruro urakabije.

(2) Guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere no gukoresha byoroshye. Buri ziko ry itanura ryoroheje ryinjiza rishobora gusohora rwose ibyuma bishongeshejwe, bigatuma byoroha guhindura urwego rwibyuma; Nyamara, amazi yicyuma muri buri ziko ry itanura ryinganda zikoreshwa mu nganda ntizemewe gusohoka burundu, kandi igice cyamazi yicyuma kigomba kubikwa kugirango itanura ritaha ritangire. Kubwibyo, guhindura urwego rwibyuma ntabwo byoroshye kandi birakwiriye gusa gushonga ubwoko bumwe bwibyuma.

(3) Ingaruka ya electromagnetic itera imbaraga ni nziza. Bitewe n'imbaraga za electromagnetiki itwarwa n'amazi y'ibyuma aringaniye cyane n'umuzi wa kare wa mashanyarazi, ingufu zikurura amashanyarazi aringaniye ni nto ugereranije n'iz'amashanyarazi. Kugirango ukureho umwanda, ibigize imiti imwe, hamwe nubushyuhe bumwe mubyuma, ingaruka zikurura amashanyarazi aringaniza ni nziza. Imbaraga zirenze urugero zitanga amashanyarazi yongerera ingufu imbaraga zo gushakisha ibyuma kumurongo witanura, ibyo ntibigabanya gusa ingaruka zo gutunganya ahubwo binagabanya igihe cyigihe cyingenzi.

(4) Biroroshye gutangira gukora. Bitewe ningaruka zuruhu rwumuvuduko uri hagati uruta kure cyane iy'umuriro w'amashanyarazi, nta kintu cyihariye gisabwa kubikoresho byo mu itanura mugihe cyo gutangira itanura ryigihe gito. Nyuma yo gupakira, irashobora gushyuha vuba no gushyuha; Itanura ryinganda zikoreshwa mu nganda risaba gufungurwa bidasanzwe (hafi kimwe cya kabiri cyuburebure bwingenzi, nkibyuma cyangwa ibyuma) kugirango utangire gushyuha, kandi ubushyuhe buratinda cyane. Kubwibyo, muburyo bwimikorere yigihe, itanura ryinshuro yo hagati ikoreshwa cyane. Iyindi nyungu yo gutangira byoroshye nuko ishobora kuzigama amashanyarazi mugihe gikora.

Igikoresho cyo gushyushya hagati yigihe kinini gifite ibyiza byubunini buto, uburemere bworoshye, gukora neza, ubwiza buhebuje bwo gutunganya amashyuza, hamwe nibidukikije byiza. Irimo gukuraho vuba itanura ryaka amakara, itanura rya gaze, itanura ryamavuta, hamwe n’itanura risanzwe, kandi ni igisekuru gishya cyibikoresho byo gushyushya ibyuma.

Bitewe ninyungu zavuzwe haruguru, itanura ryinjiza ryoroheje ryakoreshejwe cyane mugukora ibyuma nibyuma mumyaka yashize, kandi byateye imbere byihuse mugukora ibyuma, cyane cyane mumahugurwa ya casting hamwe nibikorwa byigihe.