Amakuru

Mubikorwa bigenda bitera imbere, inganda zibyuma nizo nkingi yibikorwa remezo niterambere. Mugihe icyifuzo cyibyuma byisi bikomeje kwiyongera, ababikora bagenda bahindukirira ikoranabuhanga rishya kugirango bongere imikorere, kugabanya ibiciro no kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Muri iri terambere, Imashini ikomeza ya Casting Machine (CCM) yagaragaye nkimpinduka zumukino, ihindura inzira yo gukora ibyuma no gushyiraho amahame mashya yinganda.

Sobanukirwa naimashini ikomeza

Gukomeza guterana ni inzira ihindura urujya n'uruza rw'icyuma gishongeshejwe mu bicuruzwa bikomeye bidakenewe uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gutera. Ibikomeza bikomeza bigira uruhare runini muriki gikorwa, guta ibyuma bishongeshejwe muburyo bwa kimwe cya kabiri kirangiye nka plaque, indabyo na bilet. Ubu buryo ntabwo bworoshya umusaruro gusa ahubwo bugabanya cyane gukoresha ingufu n’imyanda.

Igikorwa cyo gukomeza guterana gitangirana no gushonga ibikoresho bibisi mumatara ya arc cyangwa guhinduranya ogisijeni. Icyuma kimaze kugera ku bushyuhe bwifuzwa no guhimba, gisukwa muri tundish, ikora nk'ikigega gifata cyo kugaburira ibyuma bishongeshejwe. Ububiko busanzwe bukonjeshwa namazi, bigatuma igice cyinyuma cyicyuma gikomera mugihe igice cyimbere kigumye gushonga. Nkuko ibyuma bikomera, bikomeza gukurwa mubibumbano, niyo mpamvu izina "guhora utera."

Ibyiza byimashini ikomeza

Kwinjiza ibyuma bikomeza byazanye ibyiza byinshi no guhindura ibyuma:

1. Kunoza imikorere

Imashini zikomeza zikora zikora neza kuruta uburyo bwa gakondo. Urujya n'uruza rw'ibyuma bishongeshejwe bigabanya igihe cyo hasi kandi byongera umusaruro. Iyi mikorere ni ingenzi kugirango ishobore kwiyongera kwisi yose ku byuma, kuko abayikora bashobora kubyara ibyuma byinshi mugihe gito.

2. Kunoza ireme

Gukomeza guterana bituma microstructure hamwe nibigize ibyuma biringaniye. Uku guhora kunoza imiterere yubukorikori nkimbaraga no guhindagurika, bigatuma ibicuruzwa byanyuma byizewe mubikorwa bitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, kugabanya imikoreshereze yicyuma gishongeshejwe nikirere birashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduza no kurushaho kunoza ibicuruzwa.

3. Kugabanya imyanda

Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gutara akenshi butera imyanda ikomeye bitewe no gukenera gutunganya no gukora ingot. Imashini zihoraho zikomeza, kurundi ruhande, zitanga hafi-net ishusho isaba kurangiza bike. Kugabanya imyanda ntabwo bigabanya ibiciro byumusaruro gusa ahubwo binagira uruhare mubikorwa birambye byo gukora.

4. Kugabanya gukoresha ingufu

Ingufu zingufu nikibazo cyingenzi mubikorwa byibyuma, kandi ibyuma bikomeza bikemura neza iki kibazo. Gukomeza gukina bigabanya gukoresha ingufu muri rusange mugukuraho ibikenewe hagati yintambwe yo gutunganya nko gushyushya no gushya. Ibi ntibigabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora gusa ahubwo bihuza nimbaraga zisi zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.

5. Guhinduka no guhinduka

Ibigezweho bigezweho byashizweho kugirango byuzuze ibyiciro byinshi byicyuma nubunini bwibicuruzwa. Ihinduka ryemerera ababikora gusubiza vuba ibyifuzo byamasoko no guhitamo ibicuruzwa byabo. Haba gukora ibyuma bikomeye cyane kubinyabiziga cyangwa ibivangwa bidasanzwe byubaka, imashini zihoraho zuzuza ibisabwa byose.

Ingaruka ku nganda zibyuma

Itangizwa rya caster ikomeza yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda zibyuma, kuvugurura imikorere yumusaruro no guhanga udushya. Mugihe ababikora bakoresha ubwo buhanga, inzira nyinshi zingenzi zagaragaye:

1. Automation na Digitisation

Kwinjiza automatike hamwe nikoranabuhanga rya digitale muburyo bukomeza bwo guterana bikarushaho kunoza imikorere nubuziranenge. Sisitemu igezweho hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura itanga amakuru nyayo kubushyuhe, gutembera no gukomera, bituma abashoramari bafata ibyemezo byuzuye kandi bagahindura ibipimo byumusaruro. Uru rwego rwo kwikora ntirutezimbere gusa, rugabanya kandi ibyago byamakosa yabantu.

2. Ibikorwa byiterambere birambye

Hamwe n’impungenge zigenda ziyongera ku bidukikije, inganda zibyuma ziragenda zibanda ku buryo burambye. Caster ikomeza igira uruhare muriyi mbaraga mukugabanya imyanda no gukoresha ingufu. Byongeye kandi, abayikora barimo gushakisha uburyo bwo kwinjiza ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa mu buryo bukomeza bwo gutara kugira ngo barusheho kugabanya ibirenge byabo.

3. Kurushanwa ku isi

Mu gihe ibihugu byo ku isi biharanira kuzamura ubushobozi bw’inganda, kwemeza imashini zihoraho zikomeza kuba ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukomeza guhangana ku isi. Ibihugu bishora imari mu buhanga bugezweho bwo gukora ibyuma birashobora guhaza ibyifuzo by’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga, bigatera imbere ubukungu no kwihangira imirimo.

4. Ubushakashatsi n'Iterambere

Gukomeza gukina ni agace k'ubushakashatsi bugaragara n'iterambere, hamwe nimbaraga zihoraho zo kunoza imikorere, kugabanya ibiciro no kuzamura ireme ryibicuruzwa. Harashakishwa udushya nkibishushanyo mbonera byateye imbere, tekinoroji yo gukonjesha hamwe nubuvanganzo bushya bwa alloy burimo gushakishwa kugirango habeho imipaka y’ibyuma.

Inzitizi n'ibizaza

Nubwo ibyuma bikomeza byahinduye umusaruro wibyuma, ibibazo biracyahari. Ishoramari ryambere risabwa muburyo bwa tekinoroji yo gukomeza gutera imbere birashobora kuba ingirakamaro, bigatera inzitizi kubabikora bamwe. Byongeye kandi, gukenera abahanga babishoboye bashobora gucunga no kubungabunga sisitemu igoye ningirakamaro kugirango batsinde.

Urebye ahazaza, ahazaza h'abakinnyi bakomeza ni heza. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, abayikora barashobora kwitega ko hari byinshi bizanozwa mubikorwa, ubuziranenge no kuramba. Kwinjiza ubwenge bwubukorikori hamwe no kwiga imashini muburyo bukomeza bwo guterana bishobora kuganisha ku gutezimbere hamwe nubushobozi bwo guhanura, bigatuma habaho ihinduka ryibikorwa byumusaruro.

mu gusoza

Ntawahakanaburigihebahinduye imiterere yumusaruro wibyuma, batanga inyungu zinyuranye zongera imikorere, ubuziranenge no kuramba. Mugihe inganda zikomeje gutera imbere, abakomeza guhora bazakomeza kuba ingenzi mugukemura ibibazo byisi ihinduka vuba. Mu kwakira udushya no gushora imari mu ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere, abayikora barashobora gutsinda ku isoko ry’ibyuma bihanganye cyane ku isi kandi bakemeza ko bakomeza kuza ku isonga mu nganda zigezweho.