Amakuru

Umutwe: Sobanukirwa n'akamaro ko gushonga ibyuma bivanze muri aItanura rya Vacuum

Inzira yo gushonga igira uruhare runini mugihe itanga ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge. Gushonga bikubiyemo gukuramo ibyuma mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gukora amavuta ahuza ibintu bitandukanye. Bumwe mu buryo bugezweho bwo gushonga ibyuma bivangwa ni ugukoresha itanura rya vacuum induction (VIM). Ubu buhanga bushya butanga ibyiza byinshi, bukaba igikoresho cyingenzi cyo gukora ibyuma bitandukanye bivangwa.

None, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibyuma bivanze bigomba gushongeshwa muri avacuum induction gushonga itanura? Kugira ngo usubize iki kibazo, ni ngombwa kumva ibintu byihariye biranga itanura rya VIM hamwe nibisabwa byihariye bivangwa nicyuma gitandukanye.

Icya mbere, ni ngombwa kumenya akamaro ko gukorera ahantu hatuje mugihe ushonga ibyuma bimwe na bimwe. Kugumisha icyumba cya vacuum kitarimo umwuka nandi mwanda ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde okiside no kwanduza mugihe cyo gushonga. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku mavuta avanze cyane cyangwa akunda kwibasirwa na oxyde iyo ahuye numwuka.

Ubwoko bumwe bwibyuma bivangwa no gushongeshwa mumashanyarazi ya vacuum induction ni ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ibi bikoresho byateye imbere bizwiho imbaraga zidasanzwe, kurwanya ruswa no gukora ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma biba ingenzi mu nganda nko mu kirere, kubyara amashanyarazi no gutunganya imiti. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane burimo guhuza nikel, cobalt, fer nibindi bintu, kandi umusaruro wabyo bisaba kugenzura neza uburyo bwo gushonga kugirango ibintu byifuzwa bigerweho. Mugukoresha itanura rya VIM, abayikora barashobora gukuraho neza umwanda kandi bakagumana ubusugire bwumusemburo, bikavamo imiterere yubukanishi nubushyuhe.

Usibye ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane, ibyuma bimwe na bimwe bisaba no gukoresha itanura rya vacuum induction yo gushonga. Kurugero, ibyuma bidafite ingese bizwiho kurwanya ruswa no kwanduza, bigatuma ihitamo gukundwa cyane mubiribwa n'ibinyobwa, imiti n’imiti. Gushonga ibyuma bitagira umwanda mubidukikije bya vacuum bifasha kugabanya kuba hari umwanda wangiza nka sulfure na fosifore, bishobora guhungabanya ibintu byangirika. Nkigisubizo, ibyuma birangiye bidafite ingese bifite isuku ninshi nibikorwa, byujuje ibisabwa bikenewe mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda.

Byongeye kandi, ibyogajuru hamwe n’ingabo birinda gushingira ku musemburo wa titanium, utanga urugero rwiza cyane ku buremere no kurwanya ruswa. Gushonga titanium ivanze mumatanura ya vacuum induction ningirakamaro kugirango umuntu agere ku isuku ryinshi nuburinganire busabwa mubice byindege nka moteri yindege nibintu byubaka. Ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ibigize na microstructure ya titanium alloys binyuze muri tekinoroji ya VIM ituma ibicuruzwa byanyuma byujuje imikorere ihamye kandi yizewe mubisabwa mu kirere.

Usibye izo ngero zihariye, ibindi byuma byinshi bivangwa nicyuma, harimo ibyuma byifashishwa, ibyuma byihuta cyane, hamwe na magnetique, bishobora kugirira akamaro ubuziranenge nubuziranenge butangwa na vacuum induction gushonga itanura ryashonga. Ubushobozi bwo guhuza uburyo bwo gushonga kubisabwa byihariye bya buri kivunge bituma abayikora bahora bakora ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho bya mashini, ubushyuhe nubumara bikenewe kugirango bahuze ibikenewe bitandukanye byinganda zitandukanye.

Muri make, gushonga ibyuma bivangwa mumashanyarazi ya vacuum induction nibyingenzi kugirango ugere kurwego rwo hejuru rwubuziranenge, uburinganire nubugenzuzi bukenewe kubikoresho bigezweho. Yaba superalloys ikoreshwa mubushyuhe bukabije, ibyuma bitagira umwanda kubice birwanya ruswa, cyangwa titanium ivangwa na sisitemu yo mu kirere no kwirwanaho, ubushobozi bwikoranabuhanga rya VIM bugira uruhare runini muguhuza ibyifuzo bikenerwa ninganda zigezweho. Mugusobanukirwa n'akamaro ko gushonga mubidukikije hamwe nibisabwa byihariye bivangwa nicyuma gitandukanye, ababikora barashobora gukoresha byimazeyo ubushobozi bwitanura rya VIM kugirango babyaze ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge bitera udushya niterambere mubikorwa bitandukanye.