Ibisubizo

Uburyo bwakoreshwaga mu gukora ibiceri bwagiye buhinduka mu myaka yashize. Ibiceri byakozwe bwa mbere mu bwami bwa kera bwa Lidiya mu myaka irenga ibihumbi bibiri ishize. Uburyo bwo gushushanya ibiceri bya kera bwari bworoshye cyane. Ubwa mbere, agace gato ka zahabu, ifeza, cyangwa umuringa kashyirwaga ku giceri cy’ifeza cyashyizwe ku buso bukomeye nk’urutare. Hanyuma umukozi yafataga ikindi giceri cy’ifeza, akagishyira hejuru, hanyuma akagikubita inyundo nini.

Abakora ibiceri bo mu gihe cya kera bakoreshaga disiki z’icyuma zakozwe mbere ndetse n’icyuma gicapa vis. Nubwo ibi byari ibikorwa by’intoki, byari byoroshye kandi bitanga ubuziranenge buhamye kurusha uburyo bwa kera bwo gukora.

Ibiceri bya none bicurwa hakoreshejwe imashini zikoresha hydraulic coining presses zishyiramo ibice by'imashini mu buryo bwikora. Iyo imashini ikora neza, imashini ishobora gukora ibiceri birenga 600 ku munota. Uyu muvuduko ni ngombwa ku gikorwa nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika Mint, igomba gukora ibiceri bya miliyari buri mwaka.

Nubwo iyi gahunda igoye bitewe n'uburyo bwo gukora ibiceri bya miliyari, hari intambwe nke zisanzwe buri mubumbe ukoresha ku isi. Umubumbe wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni wo mubumbe munini ku isi, kandi tuzibanda ku buryo ukorwa.

1. Gucukura ibikoresho fatizo

Uburyo bwo gucura butangirana no gucukura ibikoresho fatizo. Ibirombe bituruka hirya no hino muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no ku isi hose bitanga zahabu, ifeza, umuringa, cyangwa ibindi byuma bikenewe. Icyuma fatizo kiva muri ibyo birombe kiba gifite imyanda itemerwa gukoreshwa mu gucukura.

Uretse gucukura amabuye y'agaciro kugira ngo haboneke icyuma gikenewe, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika Mint inakoresha ibyuma byasubiwemo byakuwe ahantu hatandukanye. Muri ayo masoko harimo ibiceri bitakibasha "gukoreshwa" kandi bikurwa mu nzira. Ahubwo, bisubizwa muri ment, aho bikongera gukoreshwa mu biceri bishya.

2. Gutunganya, Gushonga no Gutera
Icyuma kibisi kiratunganywa kugira ngo gikureho imyanda hafi ya yose. Hari ibiceri bisaba ubwoko bubiri cyangwa burenze bw'ibyuma bitandukanye. Icyuma cyatunganyijwe kirashongeshwa, kandi ibyuma bitandukanye nk'uko bisabwa n'amabwiriza bishyirwaho, byongerwamo. Urugero, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika Mint zikora igiceri cyazo cya senti eshanu mu muringa wa 75% na nikeli wa 25%.

Iyo ubuziranenge bukwiye cyangwa ifumbire ikozwe mu cyuma, icyuma gishyirwa mu cyuma gito. Ibi ni ibyuma binini birimo ingano ikwiye y'icyuma nk'uko bisabwa na mint. Icyuma kiragenzurwa mu gihe cyose kugira ngo harebwe ko ubuziranenge bukwiye bubonetse.

3. Kuzunguruka
Uburyo bwo kuzunguruka ingot ku bunini bukwiye bushobora kuba burebure kandi bugoye. Ingot izunguruka hagati y’ibyuma bibiri bikomeye bigenda byegerana buri gihe. Iki gikorwa kizakomeza kugeza igihe ingot izingiye mu gice cy’icyuma gifite ubunini bukwiye bw’igiceri kiri gukorwa. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo kuzunguruka buroroshya icyuma kandi bugahindura imiterere ya molekile bigatuma gikosorwa byoroshye kandi kikabyara ibiceri byiza cyane.

Iyo ari ibikoresho bya alloy, biba ngombwa ko bishyirwamo annealing mbere yo kubikuraho.

4. Gusiba
Isosiyete ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ikoresha imizingo y'icyuma ifite ubugari bwa santimetero 25 kandi ipima ibiro ibihumbi byinshi. Umuzingo w'icyuma urafungurwa ugashyirwa hasi kugira ngo ukureho imiterere y'icyuma mu buryo bwo kuwukora. Hanyuma unyuzwa mu mashini isohora uduce tw'icyuma ubu dufite ubunini n'umurambararo bikwiye ku giceri kirimo gukorwamo.

5. Guteranya ibirago
Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwo gukora ibikoresho by'icyuma ni umwanda kandi bukorerwa ahantu habi. Birashoboka ko ibice bito by'icyuma bishobora kuvangwa n'ibikoresho by'igiceri. Imashini ikoresha amayeri itandukanya ibikoresho by'icyuma bifite ingano ikwiye n'ibindi bintu by'amahanga bivanze n'ibikoresho by'igiceri.

6. Gutunganya no Gusukura
Hanyuma, iki giceri gishyirwa mu ziko ryo gukurura kugira ngo cyoroshye icyuma cyitegure gukubitwa. Hanyuma, ibisate bishyirwa mu bwogero bwa shimi kugira ngo bikuremo amavuta n'umwanda bishobora kuba biri hejuru y'igiceri. Ibintu byose by'imvange bishobora kwinjira mu giceri mu gihe cyo gukubitwa, kandi byaba ngombwa ko gikurwaho.

7. Kubabaza
Kugira ngo habeho igishushanyo mbonera kizagaragara ku giceri cy'icyuma kirimo ubusa, buri giceri kirimo ubusa kinyuzwa mu mashini ifite utubumbe duto duto kandi tugashyiramo umurambararo w'icyuma uzamuwe ku mpande zombi z'igiceri kirimo ubusa. Ubu buryo bufasha kandi kwemeza ko igiceri kirimo ubusa ari umurambararo ukwiye bityo kikazagaragara neza mu cyuma gikoresha coining. Nyuma y'ubu buryo, igiceri kirimo ubusa ubu cyitwa planchet.

8. Gutera cyangwa gukubita
Ubu noneho ko planchets zateguwe neza, zoroshye kandi zisukuwe, ubu ziteguye gukubitwa. Ibiceri byafashwe n'ubucuruzi byinjizwa mu cyuma gikata amafaranga ku gipimo gishobora kugera ku biceri magana menshi ku munota. Ibiceri by'ubuhamya byakorewe abakusanya amafaranga binjizwa n'intoki mu cyuma gikata amafaranga kandi byibuze bikubitwa kabiri kuri buri giceri.

9. Gukwirakwiza
Ibiceri bitsinda igenzura ubu byiteguye gukwirakwizwa. Ibiceri byabonetse mu bucuruzi bishyirwa mu mifuka myinshi yo kubikamo ibintu, bikoherezwa ku bacuruza ibicuruzwa hirya no hino ku isi. Ibiceri byakusanyijwe bishyirwa mu bikoresho byihariye n'amasanduku, hanyuma bikoherezwa ku bakusanya ibiceri hirya no hino ku isi.