Amakuru

Ku isoko ry'icyuma cy'agaciro, ibishyimbo bya zahabu byahindutse ibicuruzwa bikunzwe n'abashoramari kubera ubunini bwabyo, ubushobozi bwo gutwara no gucuruza byoroshye. Ku bigo bitunganya ibishyimbo bya zahabu, uburyo bwo gukora ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu mu buryo bunoze kandi burambye ni ingenzi mu kongera ipiganwa ku isoko. Imashini itunganya ibishyimbo bya zahabu, nk'ibikoresho bigezweho byo gushushanya, yagiye igaragara buhoro buhoro mu rwego rwo gukora ibishyimbo bya zahabu. None se, imashini itunganya ibishyimbo ya zahabu ishobora kugera ku ntego yo gukora ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu? Hanyuma, tuzasuzuma isesengura dukoresheje imiterere itandukanye.

1. Uburyo bwo gukora n'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi ryaimashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya ingot

(cyangwa se1)Ihame ry'imikorere

 Imikorere y'imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi ishingiye ku buryo bukomeye kandi bunoze. Ubwa mbere, shyira ibikoresho bya zahabu mu cyumba cyo gushonga cy'imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi ikoresheje amashanyarazi. Sukura umwuka mu cyumba cyo gushonga vuba ukoresheje pompe ikoresha amashanyarazi, bigatuma habaho ahantu hadakoreshejwe amashanyarazi menshi. Iyi ntambwe igamije kugabanya ingaruka za ogisijeni ku bikoresho bya zahabu. Nyuma yaho, umwuka udafite imbaraga nka argon wuzuzwa mu cyumba cyo gushonga kugira ngo wongereho uruzitiro rurinda amazi ya zahabu. Hanyuma, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwiza bwo gushyushya nko gushyushya, ibikoresho bya zahabu bishyuha vuba hejuru y'aho bishongesha mu gihe gito, bigashonga bigashonga.

Iyo amazi ya zahabu ageze ku bushyuhe bukwiye bwo gucukura kandi afite ubushyuhe bwiza, hifashishijwe uburyo bwo gucukura bwakozwe neza, amazi ya zahabu ashyirwa mu buryo bwiza kandi bwihuse mu bikoresho byinshi byateguwe mbere. Uko amazi ya zahabu akonja kandi agakomera imbere mu bikoresho, ibishyimbo bya zahabu bicukurwa bivuka kimwe kimwe.

(cyangwa se2)Ibiranga tekiniki by'ingenzi

1.Sisitemu yo kugenzura y'ubwenge:

Imashini zikora ibikoresho byo gukata ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa vacuum cleaner zifite sisitemu zo kugenzura zikoresheje ubuhanga buhanitse, akenshi zishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya programmable logic controller (PLC). Umukoresha agomba gushyiramo ibipimo byashyizweho ku murongo w’igenzura, akanda kuri buto yo gutangira, maze ibikoresho bikabasha kurangiza neza igikorwa cyose kuva ku gushonga kw’ibikoresho fatizo, gukata kugeza ku gushushanya ingot.

Ubu buryo bwo kugenzura bukoresheje ubwenge ntibugabanya gusa ibisabwa ku bumenyi bw'umwuga bw'abakora kandi bugagabanya amakosa aterwa no gukoresha intoki, ahubwo bunatuma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gukora buri gice cy'ibishyimbo bya zahabu, bigashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rwo gukora neza kandi mu buryo buhamye ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu.

2.Uburinzi bwiza cyane bw'umwuka uvamo umwuka n'umwuka utagira umwuka:

Mu buryo bubiri bwo kurinda gazi idafite umwuka n’ingufu, imikorere ya ogisijeni ya zahabu mu gihe cyo gushonga no gucukura irahagarikwa neza. Ibi ntibituma gusa ibishyimbo bya zahabu birushaho kuba byiza ku rugero rwo hejuru cyane, ahubwo binagabanya cyane amahirwe yo kugira inenge nko ku myenge no gushonga ku buso bw’ibishyimbo bya zahabu.

Ibishyimbo bya zahabu bifite ubuso bworoshye kandi bufite ubwiza buhamye kandi bwizewe, byujuje ibisabwa bikomeye ku isoko ku bicuruzwa by'agaciro by'agaciro bifite ubuziranenge. Ibicuruzwa byiza bifasha kongera isura y'ikirango cy'ikigo no guhangana ku isoko, mu gihe bigabanya ivugururwa n'igihombo giterwa n'ibibazo by'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, bikongera umusaruro mu buryo butaziguye.

3.Kugenzura ubushyuhe n'amazi neza:

Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'umuti wa zahabu ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kwemeza ko ibishyimbo bya zahabu bifite ireme n'umusaruro mwiza. Imashini ikoresha vacuum ingot ifite ibikoresho bipima ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi, bishobora kugenzura no guhindura neza ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'icyuma gishongeshejwe mu gihe nyacyo. Mu gihe cyo gushonga, ubuziranenge bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bushobora kugera kuri± 1 ℃, kugenzura ko amazi ya zahabu ahora ari mu rugero rwiza rw'ubushyuhe bwo gucukura.

Mu gikorwa cyo gusuka, valve igenzura amazi ishobora kugenzura neza ingano y’amazi ya zahabu n’umuvuduko wayo hakurikijwe umubare n’ibipimo by’ibibumbano, ikerekana ko buri gishishwa cya zahabu gifite imiterere ihamye n’uburemere buhamye. Ubu bushobozi bwo kugenzura neza butuma imashini ikoresha icyuma gicana ibikoresho ikora ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge mu gukora ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu.

4.Sisitemu yo gukonjesha neza: 

Kugira ngo hihutishwe umuvuduko wo gushushanya ibishyimbo bya zahabu no kunoza umusaruro, imashini ikoresha vacuum ingot ikoresha sisitemu yo gukonjesha neza. Ubusanzwe iyi sisitemu ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha amazi cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha umwuka, rishobora gukuraho ubushyuhe bw'icyuma cyashongeshejwe mu ibumba vuba, bigatuma icyuma cyashongeshejwe gikonja kandi kigakomera mu gihe gito.

Dufashe urugero rw'uburyo bwo gukonjesha amazi, binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y'imiyoboro ikonjesha n'umuvuduko w'amazi, igihe cyo gukonjesha cy'ibishyimbo bya zahabu gishobora kugabanywa kikagera kuri kimwe cya gatatu cy'ibikorwa gakondo. Gukonjesha vuba ntibinoza gusa umusaruro neza, ahubwo binanongera imiterere y'imbere y'ibishyimbo bya zahabu, birushaho kunoza ireme ry'umusaruro.

2.Isesengura ry'ibyiza byo gukoresha imashini ikora ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu mu gukora imashini ikora ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu

(cyangwa se1)Akamaro k'umusaruro mu buryo bwiza

1.Uburyo bwo gushonga no gushonga byihuse: 

Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushyushya rikoreshwa n'imashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya ibintu, nko gushyushya ibintu mu buryo bwa frequency induction, rishobora gushyushya ibikoresho bya zahabu kugeza aho bishongesha mu gihe gito cyane. Ugereranyije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyushya burwanya ubukana, igihe cyo gushyushya gishobora kugabanywaho ibirenze 50%. Urugero, zimwe mu mashini zikoresha icyuma gishyushya ibintu mu buryo bwa frigo zishobora gushongesha itanura ry'ibikoresho bya zahabu (ubusanzwe ibiro byinshi kugeza kuri icumi) mu minota 3-5 gusa.

Mu gihe cyo gucukura, igikoresho cyo gucukura cyihuta gifite ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo amazi ya zahabu mu buryo bungana mu masegonda arenga icumi. Iyo igikoresho cyo gucukura kirimo ibyumba 50 by’ibishyimbo bya zahabu kandi kigacukurwa hakoreshejwe imashini ikoresha icyuma gicamo ibintu, igihe gisabwa kugira ngo kirangize igikorwa kimwe cyo gucukura gishobora kuba amasegonda 15 gusa, bikongera cyane umusaruro w’ibishyimbo bya zahabu kuri buri gihe.

2.Ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gukora buhoraho: 

Imashini nyinshi zikoresha imashini zicana imashini zikoresha ...

Iyi miterere y’umusaruro uhoraho ifite inyungu zikomeye mu guhangana n’ibicuruzwa binini bya zahabu bicuruzwa. Dufashe urugero rw’ikigo giciriritse gitunganya ibishyimbo bya zahabu, iyo hakoreshejwe imashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya ibishyimbo gifite ubushobozi bwo gukora ubudasiba, umusaruro wa buri munsi w’ibishyimbo bya zahabu ushobora kugera ku bihumbi cyangwa ndetse n’ibihumbi, bishobora guhaza vuba icyifuzo gikomeye cy’isoko.

3.Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibimera byinshi:

Kugira ngo harusheho kunozwa umusaruro w'ibishyimbo bya zahabu, imashini zimwe na zimwe zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushushanya ibishyimbo byinshi. Ibishyimbo byinshi cyangwa amagana bishobora gushyirwa mu ibumba, kandi ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu bishobora kuboneka icyarimwe mu ibumba rimwe. Urugero, bimwe mu bishushanyo mbonera bya kinyabutabire bigezweho bishobora gukora ibishyimbo 100-200 bya zahabu mu ibumba rimwe. Ugereranyije n'igishushanyo mbonera gakondo cy'uburyo bumwe cyangwa bike, iki gishushanyo mbonera cy'ibishyimbo byinshi cyageze ku kwiyongera gukomeye mu musaruro, binongera cyane urwego rw'umusaruro n'umuvuduko w'ibishyimbo bya zahabu.

(cyangwa se2)Akamaro k'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa

1.Ubuziranenge buri hejuru n'igipimo gito cy'ubusembwa: 

Kubera uburinzi bubiri bwa gaze idafite umwuka n'umwuka utagira umwuka, ibishyimbo bya zahabu bikorwa n'imashini ikoresha icyuma gicamo ibintu bifite ubuziranenge bukabije, akenshi bigera kuri 99.99% cyangwa birenga. Muri icyo gihe, bitewe no kwirinda ogisijeni n'imyanda, ubuso bw'ibishyimbo bya zahabu hafi ya bwose nta nenge busanzwe bufite nk'imyenge, imyenge igabanuka, imyobo y'umucanga, nibindi, kandi ubuso buroroshye cyane.

Ibishyimbo bya zahabu byiza cyane ntibikurura gusa ku isura, ahubwo bishobora no kugurishwa ku giciro cyo hejuru ku isoko, bigatanga inyungu nyinshi ku bigo. Byongeye kandi, igipimo gito cy’ubusembwa bivuze ko igipimo gito cy’ibicuruzwa bifite inenge no kuvugurura ibikorwa, birushaho kunoza imikorere myiza n’inyungu mu bukungu.

2.Uburinganire bw'ibipimo n'uburemere buhamye:

Itsindaimashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya ingotbigenzura neza imiterere n'uburemere bwa buri gishishwa cya zahabu mu gihe cyo gushushanya binyuze mu kugenzura ubushyuhe neza, kugenzura amazi, no gushushanya ibihumyo mu buryo bugezweho.

Byaba ari umusaruro munini cyangwa se ukorwa mu buryo buciriritse, amakosa mu bipimo by'ingano nk'umurambararo n'ubugari bw'ibishyimbo bya zahabu byakozwe ashobora kugenzurwa mu rugero ruto cyane, kandi ihindagurika ry'uburemere rishobora no kugenzurwa ku rwego rwa milligarama. Uru rwego rwo hejuru rw'ubuziranenge n'ubunini bw'ibishyimbo ni ingenzi cyane ku ishoramari ry'imari ry'ibishyimbo bya zahabu n'ibishyimbo bya zahabu byihariye. Bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa bikomeye n'abakiriya ku bipimo by'ibicuruzwa no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ibigo muri izi nzego z'isoko ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru.

(cyangwa se3)Inyungu zo kugenzura ikiguzi

1. Kugabanuka gukomeye kw'igihombo cy'ibikoresho fatizo:

Gushonga no gusuka bikorerwa ahantu hatagerwa n’amazi, bigakurikirana neza igabanuka ry’ibikoresho fatizo bya zahabu. Muri icyo gihe, uburyo bwo gusuka neza bushobora gushyira amazi ya zahabu mu ibumba neza, bigabanye gusuka no gusesagura amazi ya zahabu. Dukurikije imibare, gukoresha imashini isuka mu gukora ibishyimbo bya zahabu bishobora kugabanya igihombo cy’ibikoresho fatizo ku kigero cya 10% -15% ugereranije n’uburyo gakondo bwo gusuka. Mu gihe kirekire, ibi bizagabanya amafaranga menshi yo kugura ibikoresho fatizo.

2.Ikiguzi gikwiye cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho no gukoresha ingufu: 

Nubwo ikiguzi cya mbere cyo kugura imashini ikoresha icyuma gicana ibikoresho kiri hejuru, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwisuzuma no gutanga amakuru ku makosa, ishobora kumenya ibibazo bishobora kubaho ku bikoresho no kubisana, ikagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika gutunguranye kw'ibikoresho, kandi ikagabanya igihe cyo kudakora n'amafaranga yo kubisana aterwa no kubungabunga ibikoresho.

Byongeye kandi, bitewe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga, imiterere y’imashini zikoresha imashini zicana zikoresha imashini ...

Umwanzuro

Binyuze mu isesengura ryimbitse ry’ihame ry’imikorere, imiterere ya tekiniki, ibyiza by’umusaruro, n’ingero z’ikoreshwa ry’imashini ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya vacuum ingot, byafatwa nk’aho imashini ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya vacuum ingot yagaragaje imikorere myiza n’inyungu zikomeye mu kugera ku ntego z’umusaruro w’ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu.

Mu bijyanye n'umusaruro mwiza, ibintu nk'ingufu zishongeshwa vuba, ubushobozi bwo gukora buhoraho, n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibice byinshi bituma ishobora gukora ibishyimbo byinshi bya zahabu mu gihe gito; Mu bijyanye n'ubwiza bw'umusaruro, ubuziranenge buhanitse, igipimo gito cy'ubusembwa, no kuba umuhanga mu bipimo n'uburemere bihamye, bituma Jindou ikora neza; Mu bijyanye no kugenzura ikiguzi, kugabanya ikiguzi cy'abakozi, kugabanuka kw'igihombo cy'ibikoresho fatizo, hamwe n'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho no gukoresha ingufu gikwiye bituma ibigo bigira inyungu nyinshi mu bukungu iyo bikoresha.imashini zikora ibishyimbo bya zahabu zikoresha vacuum ingot casting.