Amakuru

Zahabu nicyuma cyagaciro.Abantu benshi barayigura hagamijwe kubungabunga no gushima agaciro kayo.Ariko igihungabanya ni uko abantu bamwe basanga utubari twabo twa zahabu cyangwa ibiceri bya zahabu byo kwibuka.

Zahabu nziza ntishobora kubora

Ibyuma byinshi bifata ogisijeni ikora oxyde de metal, ibyo twita ingese.Ariko nk'icyuma cy'agaciro, zahabu ntishobora kubora.Kubera iki?Iki nikibazo gishimishije.Tugomba gukemura ibanga duhereye kubintu bya zahabu.

Muri chimie, reaction ya okiside ni inzira yimiti aho ibintu bitakaza electron hanyuma bigahinduka ion nziza.Kubera ibintu byinshi bya ogisijeni muri kamere, biroroshye kubona electron ziva mubindi bintu kugirango zibe oxyde.Kubwibyo, twise iyi nzira okiside reaction.Ubushobozi bwa ogisijeni yo kubona electroni burashidikanywaho, ariko birashoboka ko buri kintu cyatakaza electroni kiratandukanye, biterwa ningufu za ionisiyoneri ya electron zo hanze yibintu.

Imiterere ya atome ya zahabu

Zahabu ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya okiside.Nkicyuma cyinzibacyuho, ingufu zayo za mbere ionisation zingana na 890.1kj / mol, icya kabiri nyuma ya mercure (1007.1kj / mol) iburyo bwayo.Ibi bivuze ko bigoye cyane ko ogisijeni ifata electron muri zahabu.Zahabu ntabwo ifite ingufu za ionisiyoneri gusa kuruta ibindi byuma, ariko kandi ifite ishyaka ryinshi rya atomisiyoneri kubera electron zidakorewe muri orbit ya 6S.Ishyaka rya atomisation ya zahabu ni 368kj / mol (mercure ni 64kj / mol gusa), bivuze ko zahabu ifite imbaraga zikomeye zo guhuza ibyuma, kandi atome ya zahabu ikururana cyane, mugihe atome ya mercure idakwegerana cyane, bityo biroroshye gucukurwa nandi atome.