Amakuru

Mu rwego rw'inganda muri iki gihe,ibikoresho byo gushyiramo atomization y'ifuIfite uruhare runini kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi nko gutegura ifu y'icyuma, imiti, no gutunganya ibiribwa. Ku bigo, ni ngombwa guhitamo ibikoresho bikoresha atomatize y'ifu bihuye n'ibyo bakeneye mu musaruro wabo. Ibi ntibigira ingaruka gusa ku bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa no ku musaruro, ahubwo binafitanye isano rya bugufi no kugenzura ikiguzi. Ibi bikurikira bizasobanura ingingo z'ingenzi n'intambwe zo guhitamo ibyo bikoresho.

1.Sobanura ibisabwa mu musaruro

(1) Ibiranga ifu

Ubwa mbere, ni ngombwa kumenya neza imiterere y'ifu ikenewe. Harimo n'ingano y'uduce tw'ifu, niba isaba ifu nto kandi zingana na micron cyangwa nanometer, cyangwa uduce duto cyane; Imiterere y'ifu, nk'iy'uruziga cyangwa idasanzwe, ifite itandukaniro rinini mu gushushanya no gukora kw'ibicuruzwa bikurikira; Hariho kandi ibisabwa mu isuku y'ibinyabutabire ku ifu, hafi ya zose mu nzego zikomeye nko mu buvuzi no mu by'ikoranabuhanga, mu gihe zimwe mu nganda zikoreshwa muri rusange ziba nini mu bijyanye n'isuku. Urugero, iyo ibice by'icyuma byacapwe mu buryo bwa 3D, akenshi bisabwa gukoresha ifu y'icyuma ifite uburebure bwinshi n'ubugari buto kugira ngo harebwe ubwinshi n'imiterere y'ibikoresho byacapwe; Mu gukora irangi risanzwe, ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho imiterere y'ifu birahindagurika, kandi ikwirakwizwa ry'uduce rinini rishobora no kuzuza ibisabwa.

(2) Ibisabwa mu musaruro

Kubara umusaruro w'ifu ukenewe kuri buri gice cy'igihe ukurikije ingano y'umusaruro w'ikigo n'imiterere y'isoko. Inganda nto zishobora gutangira gukora ibiro bike by'ifu ku isaha kugira ngo zikore ubushakashatsi n'iterambere, ndetse no gukora igerageza rito; Inganda nini zikora, kugira ngo zihuze n'ibyo zikenera ku nganda nini zikora, zishobora gukora ibiro amagana cyangwa toni nyinshi ku isaha. Nyuma yo gusobanura intego y'umusaruro, birashoboka guhitamo uruhererekane rushobora guhindurwa mu gihe cyo guhitamo ibikoresho, hirindwa gutinda gutanga ibikoresho biterwa n'ubushobozi buke bw'ibikoresho cyangwa gusesagura amafaranga bitewe n'ubushobozi buke bw'ibikoresho.

2.Sobanukirwa amahame n'ikoranabuhanga ry'ibikoresho

(1) Ubwoko bw'ikoranabuhanga rya atome

Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu gupima ateri ririmo aerosolization, atomization y'amazi, atomization ya centrifugal, nibindi. Aerosolization ikoresha umwuka wihuta cyane kugira ngo ikore ku byuma cyangwa umuti w'amazi, bigatuma bicikamo uduce duto hanyuma bigakomera bikaba ifu. Ishobora gukora ifu ifite sphericity nyinshi n'ingano nto y'uduce duto, ikunze gukoreshwa mu gutegura ibikoresho by'icyuma byo mu rwego rwo hejuru; Atomization y'amazi ikoresha amazi menshi nk'uburyo bwo gupima ateri, bufite igiciro gito kandi bukwiriye gukorwa ku bwinshi bw'ifu isanzwe y'icyuma, ariko ifu ifite sphericity ntoya; Atomization ya centrifugal ikoresha disiki cyangwa ibikombe bizenguruka vuba cyane kugira ngo ikure amazi maze ikore atomization y'uduce duto, bisaba ubuhanga buhanitse bw'ibikoresho kandi ishobora kugera ku musaruro uhoraho. Ibigo bigomba gusuzuma ibyiza n'ibibi by'ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye hashingiwe ku bisabwa ku miterere y'ifu.

(2) Iterambere n'ituze ry'ikoranabuhanga

Suzuma niba ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa n'ibikoresho rigenda rirushaho gutera imbere kandi rifite uburyo bushya bwo kunoza imikorere, nko kugenzura ubushyuhe mu buryo bw'ubwenge no kugenzura neza uburyo amazi atembera, kugira ngo kunoze imiterere y'ifu. Muri icyo gihe, guhagarara ni ingenzi, kuko imikorere mibi no guhagarara kenshi bitavamo gusa ikiguzi kinini cyo kubungabunga, ahubwo binabangamira umuvuduko w'umusaruro. Suzuma ubushakashatsi bwa tekiniki n'iterambere, uburenganzira bw'ipatanti, n'imikorere y'igihe kirekire y'ibikoresho bivuye ku bakoresha basanzwe, nko igihe mpuzandengo hagati y'ibyangiritse n'uburyo byoroshye bwo kubungabunga.

3.Suzuma ubwiza n'imikorere y'ibikoresho

(1) Ibikoresho n'ubukorikori

Ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku gihe cyo kubikoresha no ku isuku y'ifu. Ibikoresho, imiyoboro, imiyoboro n'ibindi bikoresho bihura n'ibikoresho, iyo bikoreshejwe mu nganda z'ibiribwa n'imiti, bigomba kuba bikozwe mu byuma bitagira umugese byujuje ibisabwa mu isuku kandi bifite ubuso bwiza bwo gusukura kugira ngo birinde ibisigazwa by'ibikoresho n'ubwandu; Ibikoresho bikora ahantu hashyuha cyane, umuvuduko mwinshi, n'ahantu hashobora kwangirika cyane bigomba kuba bifite imiterere nko kudashyuha cyane, kudashira, no kudashira, nko kuba bikozwe mu bikoresho byihariye bya alloy. Urebye niba inzira zo gusudira no gufunga ibikoresho ari nziza cyane, haba hari icyuho cyangwa imyobo y'umucanga, ibi bisobanuro bifitanye isano n'uburyo ibikoresho bimara igihe kirekire.

(2) Uburyo bwo kugenzura ubunini bw'ibice by'umubyimba bukora neza

Ibikoresho by’ubuziranenge bigomba kuba bishobora kugenzura neza ingano y’uduce tw’ifu, no kugera ku bunini bw’uduce twagenewe hakurikijwe ibisabwa binyuze mu guhindura ibipimo bya atome nk’umuvuduko wa gaze, umuvuduko w’amazi, umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka, nibindi. Mu gihe cy’igerageza ry’ibikoresho, ibikoresho by’inzobere mu gupima nk’ibisesengura ingano y’uduce bya laser bikoreshwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ingano nyayo y’uduce duto mu buryo butandukanye. Uko itandukaniro rito ugereranyije n’urwego rwo kugenzura rw’ibikoresho, ni ko birushaho kuba byiza, kugira ngo habeho umusaruro uhamye w’uduce tw’ifu twujuje ibisabwa by’ubuziranenge.

(3) Gukoresha neza ingufu

Uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu mu gutunganya ifu buri hejuru cyane, cyane cyane ku bigo binini bitanga umusaruro uhoraho, kandi ikiguzi cy'ingufu ntigishobora kwirengagizwa. Gereranya ibimenyetso by'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu by'ibikoresho bitandukanye, nko gukoresha amashanyarazi, ikoreshwa rya gazi, cyangwa ikoreshwa ry'amazi kuri buri gikoresho gisohoka, hanyuma uhitemo ibikoresho bizigama ingufu. Ibikoresho bishya bikoresha neza mu gutunganya ifu akenshi bikoresha imiterere myiza y'amazi kugira ngo uburyo bwo gutunganya ifu bukoreshwe neza, bigabanye ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nta ngaruka ku bwiza bw'ifu n'umusaruro wayo.

4.Tekereza ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho n'uko bihuye na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha.

(1) Ibisabwa ku bikoresho by'inkunga

Ibikoresho byo gupima ifu ntibikora ukwabyo kandi bigomba gukorana n’ibikoresho byo hejuru n’ibyo hasi. Hakwiye kwitabwaho uburyo bwo gutanga ibikoresho fatizo, nko kubasha guhuza neza n’ibigega byo kubikamo n’ipompo zitwara ibikoresho kugira ngo ibikoresho fatizo bigerweho neza kandi bihamye; Hakwiye kwitabwaho uburyo bwo guhuza neza ibikoresho byo gukusanya ifu, gupima no gupakira kugira ngo hirindwe ko ifu ivamo amazi cyangwa umwanda, kandi kunoza urwego rw’imikorere muri rusange. Urugero, mu muyoboro w’ikorwa ry’ibikoresho fatizo, ifu ikorwa n’ibikoresho fatizo ishobora kujyanwa mu buryo butaziguye ku mashini ipima ibyiciro byinshi binyuze mu muyoboro ufunze, kandi ifu yujuje ibisabwa ishobora gupakirwa mu buryo bwikora, bigabanyiriza uburyo bwo kuyikoresha mu gihe cyose.

(2) Serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha

Serivisi yuzuye y'ibikoresho ni ingenzi cyane. Sobanukirwa uburyo serivisi z'uruganda nyuma yo kugurisha zishyirwa mu bikorwa, niba zishobora gutabara vuba mu gihe ibikoresho byangiritse, kandi wohereze abakozi b'inzobere mu bya tekiniki kugira ngo bakomeze kubikora; niba gutanga ibikoresho bihagije kandi ku gihe, kugira ngo hirindwe igihe kirekire cyo kubura ibikoresho by'ingenzi; Ese itanga amahugurwa mu mikorere y'ibikoresho n'ubuyobozi buhoraho mu mikorere kugira ngo ifashe abakora mu bigo kumenya neza ubumenyi mu mikorere y'ibikoresho no kongera igihe cyo kubikoresha.

5.Isesengura ry'inyungu ku kiguzi

(1) Ikiguzi cyo kugura

Igiciro cya mbere cyo kugura ibikoresho ni amafaranga y’ikigo, kandi ibiciro by’ibikoresho byo gushushanya ifu y’ibirango bitandukanye, moderi, n’imiterere biratandukanye cyane. Kugira ngo ugere ku bisabwa by’ingenzi mu gukora, gereranya ibiciro by’abatanga ibikoresho benshi kandi wite ku bikubiye mu giciro, nk’imiterere y’ibikoresho, ibikoresho bifasha, ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho no gukoresha ibikoresho, kugira ngo wirinde ikiguzi cyihishe. Ariko ntukishingikirize gusa ku biciro biri hasi nk’ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo, wirengagije ubwiza n’imikorere y’ibikoresho.

(2) Ikiguzi cy'ibikorwa

Kwishyura amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikorwa mu gihe kirekire nko gukoresha ingufu, ibikoresho bikoreshwa, kubungabunga ibikoresho, n'abakozi. Niba ikiguzi cy'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu giteganyijwe hashingiwe ku bipimo by'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'ibikoresho n'ibiciro by'ingufu byo mu gace; Ibikoresho bikoreshwa birimo ibyuma bikoresha atomization n'ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza ibice bishobora kwangirika; Ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho giterwa n'inshuro byangiritse n'uburemere bw'ibisanwa; Ikiguzi cy'umurimo gifitanye isano n'urwego rw'imikorere y'ibikoresho, kandi niba imikorere y'ibikoresho iri hasi, ababikora benshi bagomba kugira ibikoresho. Kubara byuzuye ikiguzi cy'imikorere, hamwe n'igihe ibikoresho bimara, gusuzuma igipimo cy'igihe kirekire cy'ikoreshwa n'umusaruro, no guhitamo gahunda nziza y'ikiguzi cyose.

Muri make, iyo uhisemoibikoresho byo gushyiramo atomization y'ifuBikwiriye umusaruro wabo bwite, ibigo bigomba gusuzuma ibintu byose, guhera ku gusobanura ibyo bikeneye mu musaruro, gusobanukirwa neza amahame ya tekiniki, imikorere myiza, no gushyigikira nyuma yo kugurisha ibikoresho, gukora isesengura rirambuye ry’ikiguzi n’inyungu, no gusuzuma intambwe ku yindi kandi mu buryo bwimbitse, kugira ngo hatoranywe ibikoresho byiza bifasha ibigo kugera ku iterambere ryiza, ryiza kandi rirambye.