Amakuru

Mu nganda zigezweho n’ikoranabuhanga, ibyuma byagaciro bifite agaciro gakomeye cyane kandi bigakoreshwa cyane kubera imiterere yihariye yumubiri na chimique. Kugirango huzuzwe ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge ku bikoresho by'icyuma, hagaragaye ibikoresho byinshi bya vacuum bihoraho byo guteramo amabuye y'agaciro. Ibi bikoresho bigezweho bikoresha tekinoroji ya vacuum kugirango itere ibyuma byagaciro mubidukikije bigenzurwa cyane, byemeza ubuziranenge, uburinganire, nigikorwa cyibicuruzwa. Iyi ngingo izatanga intangiriro irambuye hejuruvacuum ibikoresho bikomeza gutakubutare bwagaciro nibisabwa.

vacuum ibikoresho bikomeza guta

1、Incamake ya Vacuum Yikomeza Gukomeza Ibikoresho Byuma Byagaciro

Ibikoresho

1. Sisitemu ya Vacuum

Pompe ya vacuum nyinshi: Mubisanzwe ikomatanya rya pompe yubukanishi, pompe ikwirakwizwa, cyangwa pompe ya molekile ikoreshwa kugirango igere ku bidukikije byinshi. Izi pompe zirashobora kugabanya byihuse umuvuduko wimbere mubikoresho kugeza kurwego rwo hasi cyane, bikuraho kwivanga kwumwuka nibindi byanduye.

Umuyoboro wa Vacuum nuyoboro: bikoreshwa mukugenzura igipimo cya vacuum na gazi, kugenzura imikorere ya sisitemu ya vacuum.

Igipimo cya Vacuum: gikurikirana urwego rwa vacuum imbere mubikoresho kandi rutanga amakuru yukuri ya vacuum kubakoresha.

Sisitemu yo gushonga

Igikoresho gishyushya: Irashobora gushyushya induction, gushyushya kurwanya, cyangwa gushyushya arc, kandi irashobora gushyushya ibyuma byagaciro kumashanyarazi. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyushya bufite imiterere yabyo nibisabwa, kandi birashobora gutoranywa ukurikije ubwoko bwibyuma byagaciro nibisabwa.

Crucible: Yifashishijwe mu gufata ibyuma by'agaciro bishonga, mubisanzwe bikozwe mubikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwangirika, nka grafite, ceramika, cyangwa amavuta yihariye.

Igikoresho gikurura: Gukurura gushonga mugihe cyo gushonga kugirango harebwe uburinganire hamwe nubushyuhe buhoraho.

3. Sisitemu yo gukomeza gukina

Crystallizer: Nibintu byingenzi muburyo bukomeza bwo gutora, bigena imiterere nubunini bwa ingot. Ubusanzwe Crystallizers ikozwe mu muringa cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwiza, kandi bikonjeshwa imbere namazi kugirango byihute gukomera kwicyuma cyiza.

Igikoresho cyo kumenyekanisha Ingot: Kuramo ingot ikomye muri kristu kugirango urebe neza imikorere ikomeza yo gutara.

Igikoresho gikurura: kigenzura umuvuduko wo gukurura ingot, bigira ingaruka kumiterere no kubyaza umusaruro umusaruro.

4. Sisitemu yo kugenzura

Sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi: Igenzura ryamashanyarazi yibice bitandukanye byibikoresho, harimo guhindura ibipimo nkubushyuhe, ingufu za pompe vacuum, numuvuduko wo gukurura bilet.

Sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora: Irashobora kugera kubikorwa byikora byikora, kuzamura umusaruro no gutezimbere ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Binyuze muri progaramu ya progaramu, sisitemu yo kugenzura irashobora guhita irangiza inzira nko gushonga no gukomeza gutara, no gukurikirana no guhindura ibipimo bitandukanye mugihe nyacyo.

2、Ibisobanuro nyamukuru byuburyo

1. Umuriro w'itanura: Umubiri w'itanura ufata vertical-layer-layer-amazi akonje. Igifuniko cy'itanura kirashobora gufungurwa kugirango byinjizwe byoroshye kubambwa, kristu, nibikoresho fatizo. Igice cyo hejuru cy'ifuniko ry'itanura gifite idirishya ryo kwitegereza, rishobora kureba uko ibintu byashongeshejwe mugihe cyo gushonga. Induction electrode flange na vacuum umuyoboro wa vacuum itunganijwe muburyo butandukanye muburebure butandukanye hagati yumubiri witanura kugirango hamenyekane induction electrode ihuza kandi ikayihuza nigikoresho cya vacuum. Isahani yo munsi yitanura ifite ibikoresho byingirakamaro byingirakamaro, nayo ikora nk'ikirundo gihamye kugirango ikosore neza neza aho kristaliseri ihagaze, ireba neza ko umwobo wo hagati wa kristalisiti wibanze hamwe n'umuyoboro wafunzwe ku isahani yo hasi. Bitabaye ibyo, inkoni yo kuyobora kristalisiti ntishobora kwinjira imbere muri kristu ikoresheje umuyoboro wafunzwe. Hano hari impeta eshatu zikonjesha amazi kumurongo wo gushyigikira, uhuye nibice byo hejuru, hagati, na hepfo ya kristu. Mugucunga umuvuduko wamazi akonje, ubushyuhe bwa buri gice cya kristu irashobora kugenzurwa neza. Hano hari ibice bine bya termocouples kumurongo wo gushyigikirwa, bikoreshwa mugupima ubushyuhe bwibice byo hejuru, hagati, na hepfo yibice byingenzi na kristu. Imigaragarire hagati ya thermocouple ninyuma y itanura iri kumatanura. Igikoresho cyo gusohora kirashobora gushyirwa munsi yikigoboka kugirango hirindwe ubushyuhe bwashonga butamanuka buturutse kumasuku kandi byangiza umubiri witanura. Hariho kandi icyumba gito gitandukanya icyumba cya vacuum hagati mu itanura. Munsi ya chambre vacuum chambre nicyumba cyikirahure kama, aho antioxydants ishobora kongerwamo imbaraga kugirango icyuho cya vacuum gifungwe. Ibi bikoresho birashobora kugera kuri antioxydeant hejuru yinkoni z'umuringa wongeyeho antioxydants mu kavuyo k’ibirahure.

2. Kubambwa hamwe na Crystallizer:Ikibumbano na kirisiti ikozwe muri grafite-yera cyane. Hasi yibyingenzi birahujwe kandi bihujwe na kristu ikoresheje insinga.

3. Sisitemu ya Vacuum

4. Gushushanya no guhinduranya:Gukomeza guteramo umuringa wumuringa bigizwe ninziga ziyobora, inkoni zicyuma zisobanutse neza, umurongo uyobora umurongo, hamwe nuburyo bwo guhinduranya. Uruziga ruyobora rufite uruhare rwo kuyobora no guhagarara, kandi iyo inkoni y'umuringa ikuwe mu itanura, ibanza kunyura mu ruziga. Inkoni yo kuyobora ya kristu yashyizwe kumurongo wuzuye hamwe nigikoresho cyo kuyobora umurongo. Ubwa mbere, inkoni y'umuringa ikururwa (yabanje gukururwa) ivuye mu itanura binyuze mu murongo ugororotse wa kristu yo kuyobora. Iyo inkoni y'umuringa inyuze mu ruziga ruyobora kandi ifite uburebure runaka, irashobora guhagarika ihuriro hamwe na kristu yo kuyobora. Noneho ubikosore kuri mashini ihinduranya hanyuma ukomeze gukurura inkoni y'umuringa ukoresheje kuzenguruka imashini izunguruka. Moteri ya servo igenzura umurongo no kuzenguruka kumashini izunguruka, ishobora kugenzura neza umuvuduko uhoraho wo gutera inkoni y'umuringa.

5. Amashanyarazi ya ultrasonic ya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akoresha IGBT yo mu Budage, ifite urusaku ruke no kuzigama ingufu. Iriba ikoresha ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya porogaramu. Igishushanyo cya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi

Hano haribitekerezo birenze, ibitekerezo birenze urugero, hamwe nuburinzi.

6. Sisitemu yo kugenzura:Ibi bikoresho bifata ecran yo gukoraho sisitemu yo kugenzura byikora, hamwe nibikoresho byinshi byo kugenzura, kugirango igenzure neza ubushyuhe bwitanura na kristu, bigere kumiterere ndende ihamye isabwa kugirango inkoni y'umuringa ikomeze guterwa; Ingamba nyinshi zo kurinda zishobora gufatwa hifashishijwe ibikoresho byo gukurikirana, nko kumeneka kw'ibintu biterwa n'ubushyuhe bwo mu itanura ryinshi, icyuho kidahagije, umuvuduko cyangwa ibura ry'amazi. Igikoresho kiroroshye gukora kandi ibipimo nyamukuru byashyizweho neza.

Hano hari ubushyuhe bwitanura, hejuru, hagati, nubushyuhe bwo hasi bwa kristu, mbere yo gukurura umuvuduko, hamwe no gukura kwa kristu.

N'indangagaciro zitandukanye. Nyuma yo gushiraho ibipimo bitandukanye, mugikorwa cyo kubyara inkoni y'umuringa ikomeza guterwa, igihe cyose umutekano uba wizewe.

Shira inkoni iyobora kristu, shyira ibikoresho bibisi, funga umuryango witanura, uhagarike isano iri hagati yinkoni yumuringa ninkoni yo kuyobora, hanyuma uyihuze na mashini izunguruka.

3、Gukoresha ibikoresho bya vacuum bihoraho bikomeza guteramo ibyuma byagaciro

（1）Kora ibyuma byiza byujuje ubuziranenge

1.Isuku ryinshi

Gushonga no guhora bishira ahantu hahanamye cyane birashobora kwirinda neza kwanduzwa n’umwuka n’indi mwanda, bityo bikabyara ibikoresho byiza byera cyane. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu nganda nka elegitoroniki, icyogajuru, n'ubuvuzi bisaba ubuziranenge bukabije bw'ibyuma by'agaciro.

Kurugero, mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki, ubutare-bwiza cyane bwagaciro nka zahabu na feza bikoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro ihuriweho, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, nibindi. Kubaho kwanduye birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa byabo no kwizerwa.

2.Ubumwe

Igikoresho gikurura hamwe na sisitemu yo gukomeza guteramo ibikoresho birashobora kwemeza uburinganire bwibigize ibyuma byagaciro byashonga mugihe cyo gukomera, birinda inenge nko gutandukanya. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mubisabwa bisaba uburinganire bwimiterere yibintu, nko gukora ibikoresho byuzuye no gutunganya imitako.

Kurugero, mugutunganya imitako, ibikoresho byicyuma kimwe byingirakamaro birashobora kwemeza ibara hamwe nimiterere yimitako, kuzamura ibicuruzwa nibiciro.

3.Ubuziranenge bwiza

Ubuso bwibintu byakozwe na vacuum ndende ikomeza ibikoresho byo guteramo biroroshye, nta byobo cyangwa ibishizemo, kandi bifite ubuziranenge bwiza. Ibi ntibishobora kugabanya gusa imirimo yumurimo wo gutunganya nyuma, ariko kandi birashobora kunoza isura nziza no guhatanira isoko kubicuruzwa.

Kurugero, mubikorwa byo murwego rwohejuru, ibikoresho byibyuma bifite agaciro keza kubutaka birashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibice byuzuye, imitako, nibindi, byujuje ibyifuzo byabakiriya kugirango bagaragare nibicuruzwa.

（2）Gutezimbere ibikoresho bishya byibyuma

1.Genzura neza ibigize n'imiterere

Ibikoresho byinshi bya vacuum bikomeza guteramo ibyuma byagaciro birashobora kugenzura neza imiterere nubushyuhe bwicyuma cyagaciro gishonga, bityo bikagerwaho neza kugenzura imiterere nimiterere ya ingot. Ibi bitanga uburyo bukomeye bwo guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya byagaciro.

Kurugero, mugushyiramo ibintu byihariye bivanga mubyuma byagaciro, imiterere yumubiri nubumashini birashobora guhinduka, biganisha kumajyambere yibikoresho bishya bifite imitungo yihariye nkimbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ruswa nyinshi, hamwe nubushobozi buke.

2.Kangura inzira yo gutora mubidukikije bidasanzwe

Ibikoresho birashobora kwigana ibidukikije bidasanzwe nkumuvuduko utandukanye, ubushyuhe, nikirere kugirango bige imyitwarire ya casting hamwe nimpinduka zimikorere yibyuma byagaciro muribi bidukikije. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere ibyuma byagaciro bishobora guhuza nibikorwa bidasanzwe byakazi.

Kurugero, mu nganda zo mu kirere, ibikoresho byibyuma bikenera gukenera gukorera ahantu habi nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko mwinshi, nimirase myinshi. Mugereranya ibi bidukikije kugirango bakore ubushakashatsi, ibikoresho bishya bifite imikorere myiza birashobora gutezwa imbere kugirango bikenure inganda zikirere.

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