Amakuru

Mu nganda n'ikoranabuhanga rya none, ibyuma by'agaciro bifite agaciro gakomeye cyane kandi bikoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse bitewe n'imiterere yabyo yihariye y'umubiri n'imiti. Kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa ku bikoresho by'icyuma by'agaciro, havutse ibikoresho byo gucukura bidasibangana ku byuma by'agaciro. Ibi bikoresho bigezweho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu gucukura ibyuma by'agaciro ahantu hagenzurwa neza, bigamije kwemeza ko ibi bicuruzwa ari byiza, bihuye, kandi bigakora neza. Iyi nkuru izatanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku bijyanye n'ibicuruzwa bikomeye.ibikoresho byo gusukamo umwuka uhorahoku byuma by'agaciro n'ikoreshwa ryabyo.

ibikoresho byo gusukamo umwuka uhoraho

1、Incamake y'ibikoresho byo gucukura bidasiba cyane mu byuma by'agaciro

Imiterere y'ibikoresho

1. Sisitemu yo gusohora umwuka mu cyuma gishyuha

Pompe ikoresha umwuka mwinshi: Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mu guhuza pompe ikoresha ikoranabuhanga, pompe ikwirakwiza amazi, cyangwa pompe ya molekile kugira ngo habeho umwuka mwinshi. Izi pompe zishobora kugabanya vuba umuvuduko uri mu bikoresho ku rugero rwo hasi cyane, bigakuraho ubwivange bw'umwuka n'indi myanda.

Vali n'imiyoboro y'umwuka: bikoreshwa mu kugenzura ingano y'umwuka n'urujya n'uruza rwa gazi, bigamije kugenzura imikorere ihamye ya sisitemu y'umwuka.

Igipimo cy'ingufu: gikurikirana urwego rw'ingufu mu bikoresho kandi kigatanga amakuru nyayo yerekeye uko ingufu ihagaze ku bakoresha.

2. Uburyo bwo gushongesha ibintu

Igikoresho gishyushya: Gishobora kuba ubushyuhe bw’inyongera, ubushyuhe burwanya ubushyuhe, cyangwa ubushyuhe bw’umurambararo, kandi gishobora gushyushya ibyuma by’agaciro kugeza bishongeshejwe. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyushya bufite imiterere yabwo n’uburyo bukoreshwa, kandi bushobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe ubwoko bw’ibyuma by’agaciro n’ibisabwa mu buryo bugezweho.

Ikoreshwa mu kubika ibintu by'agaciro bishongeshejwe n'icyuma, akenshi bikozwe mu bikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ingese, nka grafiti, ceramic, cyangwa alloys zidasanzwe.

Igikoresho cyo gukangura: Gukangura ikintu gishongeshejwe mu gihe cyo gukangura kugira ngo habeho ingano y'ibikubiye mu bicuruzwa n'ubushyuhe.

3. Sisitemu yo gucukura ihoraho

Crystallizer: Ni igice cy'ingenzi mu gikorwa cyo gucukura gihoraho, kigena imiterere n'ingano y'ingot. Crystallizers akenshi zikorwa mu muringa cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwiza, kandi zikonjeshwa n'amazi imbere kugira ngo zihutishe gukomera kw'icyuma cy'agaciro gishonga.

Igikoresho cyo gutangiza Ingot: Kuramo ingot ikomeye muri crystallizer kugira ngo urebe ko inzira yo gucukura ikomeza gukora.

Igikoresho gikurura: kigenzura umuvuduko wo gukurura ingot, bigira ingaruka ku bwiza n'umusaruro w'ingot.

4. Sisitemu yo kugenzura

Sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi: Igenzura ry'amashanyarazi ry'ibice bitandukanye by'ibikoresho, harimo no guhindura ibipimo nk'ingufu zo gushyushya, imikorere ya pompe y'umwuka, n'umuvuduko wo gukurura billet.

Sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora: Ishobora kugera ku mikorere y’ibikoresho yikora, kunoza imikorere myiza no guhagarara neza kw’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa. Binyuze muri gahunda zateguwe, sisitemu yo kugenzura ishobora kurangiza ibikorwa nko gushonga no gucukura bidatinze, no gukurikirana no guhindura ibipimo bitandukanye mu gihe nyacyo.

2、Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi by'imiterere

1. Umubiri w'itanura: Umubiri w'itanura ufata imiterere ihagaze ikonjeshwa n'amazi. Umwambaro w'itanura ushobora gufungurwa kugira ngo byoroshye gushyiramo ibintu bishongeshejwe, ibintu bishongeshejwe n'ibikoresho fatizo. Igice cyo hejuru cy'umupfundikizo w'itanura gifite idirishya ryo kureba, rishobora kureba imiterere y'ibikoresho bishongeshejwe mu gihe cyo gushonga. Umupfundikizo wa electrode induction n'umuyoboro wa vacuum flange bitondetse mu buryo bungana ku burebure butandukanye hagati y'umubiri w'itanura kugira ngo byinjizemo umugozi wa electrode induction no kuwuhuza n'igikoresho gifunga. Isahani yo hasi y'itanura ifite icyuma gishyigikira icyuma, kandi kigakora nk'ikirundo gihamye kugira ngo gishyire neza aho icyuma gifunga, kikareba ko umwobo wo hagati w'icyuma gifunga ufatanye n'umuyoboro ufunze ku isahani yo hasi y'itanura. Bitabaye ibyo, inkoni iyobora crystallization ntizashobora kwinjira imbere mu cyuma gifunga binyuze mu muyoboro ufunze. Hariho impeta eshatu zikonjeshejwe n'amazi ku gikoresho gishyigikira, zihuye n'igice cyo hejuru, cyo hagati, n'icyo hasi cy'icyuma gifunga. Mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi akonje, ubushyuhe bwa buri gice cya crystallizer bushobora kugenzurwa neza. Hari thermocouples enye ku gitereko cy’inkunga, zikoreshwa mu gupima ubushyuhe bw’igice cyo hejuru, cyo hagati, n’icyo hasi cy’icyuma gishyushya n’icya crystallizer, uko bikurikirana. Aho thermocouple n’inyuma y’itanura bihurira ni ku gitereko cy’itanura. Agakoresho ko gusohora amazi gashobora gushyirwa hasi ku gitereko cy’inkunga kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubushyuhe bushonge bumanuka buva ku gikoresho gisukura bigatera kwangirika ku mubiri w’itanura. Hariho kandi icyumba gito gishobora gukurwamo cy’insinga kiri hagati mu gitereko cy’itanura. Munsi y’icyumba cy’insinga gifite insinga, hari icyumba cy’ikirahure gifite insinga, aho insinga zishobora kongerwamo insinga kugira ngo zirusheho gufunga insinga. Iki gikoresho gishobora kugira ingaruka ku nsinga z’umuringa binyuze mu kongeramo insinga z’insinga ku gikoresho cy’ikirahure gifite insinga.

2. Ikoreshwa mu gutwika no gutwikira:Igikoresho cyo gutwikira n'igikoresho cyo gutwikira bikozwe muri grafiti ifite ubuziranenge bwinshi. Igice cyo hasi cy'igikoresho cyo gutwikira gifite ishusho y'urukiramende kandi gihujwe n'igikoresho cyo gutwikira binyuze mu migozi.

3. Sisitemu yo gusohora umwuka mu cyuma gishyuha

4. Uburyo bwo gushushanya no guzunguruka:Uburyo bwo gucukura imigozi y'umuringa bukomeza bugizwe n'amapine ayobora, insinga zikora neza, abayobozi b'imirongo, n'uburyo bwo kuzingira. Uruziga rw'umuyobora rugira uruhare mu kuyobora no gushyira ibintu aho biri, kandi iyo inkoni y'umuringa ikuwe mu itanura, ibanza kunyura mu ruziga rw'umuyobora. Inkoni y'umuyobora ya kristu ishyirwa ku ruziga rw'umuyobora n'igikoresho gifata umurongo. Ubwa mbere, inkoni y'umuringa ikurwa (ibanje gukururwa) mu mubiri w'itanura binyuze mu ngendo y'umuyobora w'umuyobora w'umubumbe. Iyo inkoni y'umuringa inyuze mu ruziga rw'umuyobora kandi ifite uburebure runaka, ishobora guca aho ihurira n'inkoni y'umuyobora w'umubumbe. Hanyuma uyishyire ku mashini izunguruka hanyuma ukomeze gukurura inkoni y'umuringa mu kuzunguruka kw'imashini izunguruka. Moteri ya servo igenzura ingendo n'izunguruka ry'imashini izunguruka, ishobora kugenzura neza umuvuduko w'umuyobora w'umubumbe.

5. Ingufu zikoreshwa na ultrasound muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi zikoresha IGBT yo mu Budage, ifite urusaku ruke kandi ikanagabanya ingufu. Iri riba rikoresha ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubushyuhe mu gushyushya byateguwe. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'isitemu y'amashanyarazi

Hari umuvuduko ukabije w'amashanyarazi, ubwiyongere bw'amashanyarazi, n'imiyoboro y'uburinzi.

6. Sisitemu yo kugenzura:Ibi bikoresho bikoresha sisitemu yo kugenzura ecran yikoraho, ifite ibikoresho byinshi byo kugenzura, kugira ngo igenzure neza ubushyuhe bw'itanura na crystallizer, bigere ku miterere ihamye y'igihe kirekire ikenewe kugira ngo inkoni y'umuringa ikomeze gucukurwa; Ingamba nyinshi zo kurinda zishobora gufatwa binyuze mu bikoresho byo kugenzura, nko gusohoka kw'ibikoresho biterwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'itanura, isuku idahagije, umuvuduko cyangwa ibura ry'amazi. Igikoresho cyoroshye gukoresha kandi ibipimo by'ingenzi bishyirwaho neza.

Hari ubushyuhe bw'itanura, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, hagati, n'ubwo hasi bwa crystallizer, umuvuduko wo gukurura mbere yo gukurura, n'umuvuduko wo gukurura crystal.

N'agaciro gatandukanye k'itangazo. Nyuma yo gushyiraho ibipimo bitandukanye, mu gikorwa cyo gukora inkoni y'umuringa ikomeza gucurwa, igihe cyose umutekano uhari.

Shyira inkoni y'icyerekezo cya crystallization, shyiramo ibikoresho fatizo, funga umuryango w'itanura, gabanya isano iri hagati y'inkoni y'umuringa n'inkoni y'icyerekezo cya crystallization, hanyuma uyihuze n'imashini izunguruka.

3、Ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byo gucukura by'agaciro bitagira umwuka mwinshi

(cyangwa se1)Kora ibikoresho by'icyuma cy'agaciro by'ubuziranenge

1.Ubuziranenge bwinshi

Gushonga no gucukura mu buryo buhoraho ahantu hafite umwuka mwinshi bishobora kwirinda kwanduzwa n’umwuka n’indi myanda, bityo bigatuma habaho ibyuma by’agaciro bifite isuku nyinshi. Ibi ni ingenzi ku nganda nka elegitoroniki, iby’indege, n’ubuvuzi bisaba ibikoresho by’icyuma bifite isuku nyinshi cyane.

Urugero, mu nganda z'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, amabuye y'agaciro meza cyane nka zahabu na feza akoreshwa mu gukora imiyoboro ihuriweho, ibice by'ikoranabuhanga, nibindi. Kuba hari imyanda bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere no kwizerwa kwabyo.

2. Guhuza

Igikoresho cyo gukangura hamwe na sisitemu yo gucukura ihoraho mu bikoresho bishobora kwemeza ko imiterere y'icyuma cy'agaciro ishonga mu gihe cyo gukonja, birinda inenge nko gutandukanya. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini ku bikorwa bisaba imiterere ingana cyane y'ibikoresho, nko gukora ibikoresho neza no gutunganya imitako.

Urugero, mu gutunganya imitako, ibikoresho by'agaciro by'icyuma kimwe bishobora kwemeza ko imitako ifite ibara rihamye kandi iteye neza, bigatuma ireme n'agaciro by'umusaruro birushaho kwiyongera.

3.Ubuso bwiza

Ubuso bw'ingot bukorwa n'ibikoresho bicukura bihoraho bidafite umwuka mwinshi ni bwiza, nta myenge cyangwa ibintu biyirimo, kandi bufite ubwiza bwiza bw'ubuso. Ibi ntibigabanya gusa akazi ko gutunganya nyuma, ahubwo binanoza isura nziza n'ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko ry'umusaruro.

Urugero, mu nganda zigezweho, ibikoresho by'agaciro bifite ubuziranenge bwiza ku buso bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibice binoze, imitako, nibindi, bihaza ibisabwa n'abakiriya kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bigaragare neza kandi bikore neza.

(cyangwa se2)Guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya by'icyuma cy'agaciro

1. Kugenzura neza imiterere n'imiterere y'ibikubiye mu gishushanyo

Ibikoresho byo gucukura byuzuyemo umwuka mwinshi ku byuma by'agaciro bishobora kugenzura neza imiterere n'ubushyuhe by'icyuma cy'agaciro gishonga, bityo bigatuma habaho kugenzura neza imiterere n'imiterere y'icyuma. Ibi bitanga uburyo bukomeye bwo guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya by'icyuma cy'agaciro.

Urugero, iyo hongewemo ibintu byihariye bivangavanga mu byuma by'agaciro, imiterere yabyo ifatika n'iya chimique ishobora guhinduka, biganisha ku iterambere ry'ibikoresho bishya bifite imiterere yihariye nko gukomera cyane, kurwanya ingese nyinshi, no gutwara amashanyarazi menshi.

2. Kwigana inzira yo gushushanya ahantu hadasanzwe

Ibikoresho bishobora kwigana ibidukikije byihariye nk'umuvuduko utandukanye, ubushyuhe, n'ikirere kugira ngo byige imyitwarire yo gucukura n'impinduka mu mikorere y'ibyuma by'agaciro muri ibi bidukikije. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu guteza imbere ibikoresho by'icyuma cy'agaciro bishobora guhuza n'imimerere yihariye yo gukora.

Urugero, mu nganda zikora iby’indege, ibikoresho by’agaciro bigomba gukora ahantu habi nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, n’imirasire myinshi. Mu kwigana ibi bidukikije kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu bushakashatsi, ibikoresho bishya bifite imikorere myiza bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo bihuze n’ibyo inganda zikora iby’indege zikeneye.

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