Amakuru

Mu rwego rwo gukora imitako, kunoza imikorere myiza y’imitako byagiye biba intego y’ingenzi ikurikiranwa n’ibigo. Bitewe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga, imashini zikoresha imitako zikora imitako yavuye mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga zazanye impinduka zikomeye mu gushushanya imitako. Ibi bikoresho bigezweho, hamwe n’ibyiza byabyo by’ikoranabuhanga, binoza cyane imikorere myiza y’imitako. Iyi nkuru izasuzuma impamvu zibitera.imashini zikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gukata imitakokunoza imikorere y'imitako.

1、Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gushyushya Induction

Imashini ikoresha imitako ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushyushya. Gushyushya ni uburyo bwo gushyushya bukoresha ihame rya electromagnetic induction kugira ngo bukore imigezi ishyushye imbere mu kintu gishyushye kandi bugatanga ubushyuhe bwonyine. Ugereranyije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyushya, gushyushya induction bifite ibyiza bikurikira:

(1) Gushyuha vuba

Gushyushya icyuma mu buryo bwihuse bishobora gushyushya icyuma ku bushyuhe bwifuzwa. Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi buturuka ku mirasire y'amazi iri mu cyuma, umuvuduko wo gushyushya wihuta cyane kurusha uburyo gakondo nko gushyushya ubudahangarwa. Mu gihe cyo gushyushya imitako, gushyushya vuba bishobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo gushyushya no kunoza imikorere myiza. Urugero, kuri bimwe mu bikoresho bito by'imitako, gushyushya icyuma mu buryo bwihuse bishobora gushyushya icyuma ku bushyuhe bukwiye mu minota mike, mu gihe uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyushya bushobora gufata iminota myinshi cyangwa irenga.

(2) Kugenzura ubushyuhe neza

Gushyushya induction bishobora kugera ku igenzura ry’ubushyuhe neza. Mu guhindura imbaraga zisohoka n’inshuro z’ingufu zitangwa, ubushyuhe bw’icyuma bushobora kugenzurwa neza kugira ngo ubushyuhe buhamye kandi bube bwiza. Kugenzura ubushyuhe neza ni ingenzi ku bwiza bw’imitako. Ubushyuhe bukwiye bwo gucukura bushobora kwemeza ko icyuma gitemba neza kandi gifite ubushobozi bwo kuzuza, bikagabanya ibibazo byo gucukura. Imikorere nyayo yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’induction bushobora kunoza umusaruro w’icukura, kugabanya igipimo cy’ibisigazwa, bityo bikanoza imikorere myiza.

(3) Kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije

Gushyushya hakoreshejwe induction bifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingufu nyinshi. Ugereranyije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyushya, gushyushya hakoreshejwe induction ntibisaba ko ubushyuhe butangwa kugira ngo ubushyuhe bugere ku kintu gishyushye, bigatuma ingufu zigabanuka. Hagati aho, ibikoresho bishyushya hakoreshejwe induction ntibitanga umuriro ufunguye cyangwa imyuka isohora umwuka mu gihe cyo gukora, bigatuma bitangiza ibidukikije. Muri iki gihe cyo gushimangira kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije, imiterere yo kuzigama ingufu n'ibidukikije by'imashini zikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga ihuza n'ibikenewe mu iterambere rirambye kandi binafasha kugabanya ikiguzi cy'umusaruro ku bigo.

2、Ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukata ibyuma bivamo umwuka

Imashini ikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gukata imitako ikoresheje induction ihuza ikoranabuhanga ryo gukata imitako ikoresheje vacuum kugira ngo irusheho kunoza imikorere y'imitako. Gukata imitako ikoresheje vacuum ni inzira aho umwuka uri mu mwobo w'ibumba uvamo umwuka kugira ngo habeho urwego runaka rw'umwuka mu gihe cyo gukata imitako, hanyuma hagakorwa die casting. Gukata imitako ikoresheje vacuum bifite ibyiza bikurikira:

(1) Kugabanya ubusembwa bw'imirongo

Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gusukamo imitako, umwuka uri mu mwobo w'ibimera ukururwa byoroshye mu gihe cyo kuzuza icyuma gishongeshejwe, bigatuma habaho inenge nk'imyenge. Gusukamo imitako y'ibimera bishobora kugabanya neza ikibazo cy'imyenge binyuze mu gukura umwuka mu mwobo w'ibimera. Kugabanya imyenge y'ibimera ntibishobora kongera ubwiza bw'ibimera gusa, ahubwo binagabanya ibikorwa bikurikira nko gusiga no gusana, bityo bikanongera umusaruro. Ku bijyanye no gusuka imitako, ibisabwa ku buso bw'ibimera ni byinshi cyane, kandi ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukamo imitako y'ibimera ry'ibimera rishobora kuzuza iki gisabwa no gutanga imitako myiza cyane.

(2) Kunoza ubushobozi bwo kuzuza icyuma gishongeshejwe

Mu hantu hadakoreshejwe umwuka, amazi y'icyuma ararushaho kugenda neza kandi ubushobozi bwo kuzuza burarushaho kwiyongera. Ibi bituma imiterere y'icyuma irushaho kuba myiza kandi ibisobanuro birambuye birushaho kuba byiza. Ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe by'imitako bifite imiterere igoye, gukoresha imitako idafite umwuka bishobora gutuma icyuma gishyirwa mu buryo bwiza kandi bikagabanya igipimo cy'ibisigazwa. Muri icyo gihe, kunoza ubushobozi bwo kuzuza icyuma gishongeshejwe bishobora kandi kugabanya igitutu cyo gukoresha umwuka, kongera igihe cyo gukoresha ifu, no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora.

(3) Kunoza imiterere y'imashini zikoreshwa mu gucukura

Gukoresha imitako y'ubudodo buva mu buryo bw'umwuka bishobora kugabanya inenge nko kuba imyenge n'ubudahangarwa mu mitako, bityo bikanoza imiterere yayo. Ku mitako y'ubudodo, imiterere myiza ya mashini ishobora gutuma iguma neza kandi iramba mu gihe ikoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha imitako y'ubudodo buva mu buryo bw'umwuka bishobora gutuma imiterere y'imitako irushaho kuba myinshi, bikanoza ubukana n'imbaraga byayo, kandi bikanongera ubwiza bw'imitako.

3、Urwego rwo hejuru rw'imikorere y'ikoranabuhanga

Imashini zikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gukata imitako ikoresheje induction ubusanzwe zifite urwego rwo hejuru rw’imikorere ikora. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rikora ikora bishobora kugabanya cyane imikorere y’intoki, kunoza imikorere, no kugabanya imbaraga z’abakozi. By’umwihariko bigaragarira muri ibi bikurikira:

(1) Sisitemu yo kugaburira yikora

Imashini ikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gukata imitako ifite uburyo bwo kuyigaburira bwikora, bushobora gutwara no gupima ibikoresho by'icyuma mu buryo bwikora. Uyikoresha agomba gushyira ibikoresho by'icyuma mu bubiko bw'icyuma gusa, kandi ibikoresho bishobora kurangiza uburyo bwo kuyigaburira mu buryo bwikora. Uburyo bwo kuyigaburira bwikora ntibushobora kongera gusa ubwiza n'ubudahangarwa bwo kuyigaburira, ahubwo bunagabanya igihe n'imbaraga byo kuyigaburira mu buryo bw'intoki.

(2) Uburyo bwo gukata icyuma mu buryo bwikora

Ibikoresho bishobora kurangiza ibikorwa bitandukanye mu buryo bwikora nko gufunga ifu, gutera, gufata umuvuduko, no gufungura ifu mu gihe cyo gukata ifu. Umukoresha agomba gusa gushyiraho ibipimo bireba kuri paneli igenzura, kandi igikoresho gishobora gukora mu buryo bwikora hakurikijwe gahunda yateguwe. Uburyo bwo gukata ifu bushobora kwemeza ko inzira yo gukata ifu ihamye kandi ihamye, kunoza ireme n'umusaruro w'ifu.

(3) Sisitemu yo gutahura yikora

Imashini ikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gukata imitako ifite kandi sisitemu yo kumenya ibintu mu buryo bwikora, ishobora kumenya ingano, imiterere, n'ibindi by'ibicuruzwa. Ibisubizo byo kumenya ibintu bishobora kugezwa ku bakoresha mu gihe nyacyo, kugira ngo ibibazo bishobore kugaragara no gukosorwa ku gihe. Sisitemu zo kumenya ibintu mu buryo bwikora zishobora kunoza uburyo bwo kumenya ibintu neza no gukora neza, zikagabanya amakosa n'igihe cyo kumenya ibintu mu buryo bw'intoki.

4、Igihe kirekire cyo kumara ifumbire

Ifumbire ni ingenzi mu gikorwa cyo gushushanya imitako, kandi igihe cyayo cyo kubaho kigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku musaruro no ku giciro. Imashini ikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gushushanya imitako ishobora kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n'imikorere yayo. Impamvu zihariye ni izi zikurikira:

(1) Gabanya umuvuduko w'amazi akoreshwa mu gucukura

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukata icyuma gikoresha imashini i ...

(2) Gabanya kwangirika no gucika kw'ibihumyo

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyushya ibikoresho rishobora gutuma ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe bungana kandi bukagabanya ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe ku ibumba. Muri icyo gihe, ahantu hadakoreshejwe umwuka hashobora kugabanya ogisijeni n'ibintu byinjira mu cyuma gishongeshejwe, kandi bikagabanya urwego rw'ubusaze bw'ibumba. Byongeye kandi, inzira yo gutwika ikoresheje icyuma ikoresheje icyuma ishobora gutuma ibumba rifunguka neza kandi rigafunga neza, bigagabanya ubusaze bw'ibumba.

(3) Byoroshye kubungabunga ibimera

Imashini ikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gukata imitako ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bwikora, bushobora gusukura no gushyira amavuta mu mitobe mu buryo bwikora. Ibi bifasha kugumana imiterere myiza y’imitobe no kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu y’ubwenge yo kugenzura ibikoresho ishobora gukurikirana imikorere y’imitobe mu gihe nyacyo, ikamenya ibibazo bishobora kubaho ku mitobe mu gihe gito, kandi ikayorohereza kuyibungabunga no kuyitunganya.

Muri make, impamvu yatumyeimashini zikoresha imitako ikoreshwa mu gukata imitakoIshobora kunoza imikorere y’imitako yo gushushanya imitako ahanini ni uko bakoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushyushya imitako n’ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya imitako yo mu bwoko bwa vacuum die-casting, bifite ibyiza byo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi bimara igihe kirekire. Izi nyungu zituma imashini yo gushushanya imitako yo mu bwoko bwa vacuum die-casting ifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa mu bijyanye no gushushanya imitako. Bitewe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga, bikekwa ko imikorere y’imashini zo gushushanya imitako yo mu bwoko bwa vacuum die-casting izakomeza gutera imbere, bikagira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’inganda zikora imitako.

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